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Hematology > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Capillary

A

A minute blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries to the smallest curbs and serves as an oxygen exchange vessel

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2
Q

Cardiopulmonary circulation

A

The system f blood vessels that circulates blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

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3
Q

De oxyhemoglobin

A

The hemoglobin formed when oxyhemoglobin releases oxygen to the tissues

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4
Q

EDTA

A

Ethyleneduamibeterraacetic acid. An anticoagulant commonly used in hematology

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5
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell

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6
Q

Granulocyte

A

A white blood cell containing granules in the cytoplasm

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7
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

The process of blood cell formation and development

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8
Q

Hemostasis

A

The process of stopping bleeding which includes clot formation and clot dissolution

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9
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cel

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10
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

A large bone marrow fell from which platelets are derived

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11
Q

Oxyhemoglobin

A

The form of hemoglobin that binds and transports oxygen

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12
Q

Plasma

A

The liquid portion of blood on which the blood cells are suspended

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13
Q

Platelet

A

A former element in circulating blood that plays an important role in blood coagulation

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14
Q

Stem cell

A

An undifferentiated cell

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15
Q

Systemic circulation

A

The system of blood vessels that carries blood from the heart to the tissues and back to the heart

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16
Q

Thrombocyte

A

A blood platelet

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17
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A chemical or substance that prevents blood coagulation

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18
Q

Agglutination

A

The clumping or aggregation of particulate antigens result from reaction with specific antibody

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19
Q

Antibody

A

Protein that is induced by and reacts specifically with a foreign substance

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20
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign substance that induces an immune response by causing production of antibodies and or sensitized lymphocytes that Tracy specifically with that substance

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21
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Antibodies.

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22
Q

Immunology

A

The branch of medicine encompassing the study of the immune process and immunity

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23
Q

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

A

A condition in which maternal antibody targets fetal red blood cells for destruction

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24
Q

Anemia

A

A condition in which the red blood cell count or blood hemoglobin level is below normal. A condition resulting in decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

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25
Q

Buffer

A

A substance that lessens change in the ph of a solution when axis or base is added

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26
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The fluid portion of the cell surrounding the nucleus

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27
Q

Eosin

A

A red orange stain or dye

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28
Q

Erythrocytosis

A

An excess of red blood fells in the peripheral blood. Sometimes called polycythemia

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29
Q

Fixative

A

A preservative

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30
Q

Hemolysis

A

The rupture or destruction of red blood cells resulting in the release of hemoglobin

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31
Q

Isotonic solution

A

A solution with the same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution or cell with which it is compared

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32
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Increase above normal in the number of leukocyte son the blood

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33
Q

Leukopenia

A

Decrease below normal in the number of leukocytes in the blood

34
Q

Methylene blue

A

A blue stain or dye

35
Q

Morphology

A

The form and structure of cells tissues and organs

36
Q

Nucleus

A

The central structure of a cell that contains DNA and controls cell growth and function

37
Q

Polychromatic

A

Having many colors

38
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Abnormally low number of platelets in the blood

39
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

Abnormally high number of platelets in the blood. Thrombocythemia

40
Q

Acute phase proteins

A

Proteins that increase rapidly in plasma during acute infection, during inflammation of following tissue injury

41
Q

Aggregate

A

The total substances making up a mass. A cluster or clump of particles

42
Q

Inflammation

A

A nonspecific protective response to tissue injury that is initiated primarily by the release of chemicals such as histamine and serotonin and the actions of phagocytic cells

43
Q

Polycythemia

A

An excess of red blood cells in the peripheral blood

44
Q

Rouleaux

A

A group of red blood cells arranged like a roll of coins

45
Q

Sedimentation

A

The process of solid particles settling to the bottom of a liquid

46
Q

Epstein barr virus

A

A virus that infects lymphocytes and is the cashed of infectious mononucleosis

47
Q

Heterophile antibodies

A

A group of multi specific antibodies that are increased in infectious mononucleosis and that rest with heterogenous antigens not responsible for their production

48
Q

Lymphocytosis

A

An increase above the normal number of lymphocytes in the blood

49
Q

Electrolyte

A

The cations and anions important in maintaining fluid and acid base balance

50
Q

Fluorescent

A

Having the property of one wavelength when exposed to the light of another wavelength

51
Q

Histogram.

A

A graph that illustrates the size and frequency of occurrence of articles being studied

52
Q

Impedance

A

Resistance in an electrical circuit

53
Q

Index of refraction

A

The ratio of the velocity of light in one medium to its velocity in another material

54
Q

Laser

A

A narrow intense beam of light of only one wavelength going in only one direction

55
Q

Mean cell hemoglobin

A

Average red blood cell hemoglobin expressed in picograms

56
Q

Mean cell hemoglobin concentration

A

Comparison of the weight of hemoglobin in a red blood cell to the size of the red blood cell expressed in percentage of grams per deciliter

57
Q

Mean cell volume

A

average red blood cell volume in a blood sample expressed in femtoliters of cubic microns

58
Q

RBC indices

A

Calculated values that compare the size and hemoglobin content of red blood cells in a blood sample to reference values

59
Q

Adhesion

A

The act of two parts or surfaces sticking together

60
Q

Coumadin

A

An anticoagulant derived from counmarin that is administered orally to prevent blood clotting

61
Q

Prothrombin time test

A

A coagulation screening test used to monitor oral anticoagulant therapy

62
Q

Partial thromboplastin

A

The lipid formation of thromboplastin available as a commercial preparation

63
Q

Adhesion

A

The act of two parts or surfaces sticking together

64
Q

Aggregation

A

The collecting of separate objects into one mass

65
Q

Coagulation

A

The process of for ninth w fibrin clot

66
Q

Coagulation factors

A

A group of plasma proteins involved in blood clotting

67
Q

Collagen

A

A protein connective tissue found in skin bone ligaments and cartilage

68
Q

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

A

A hemostasis emergency characterized by wide spread circulatory thrombotic events coexisting with fibrinolytic events

69
Q

Endothelium

A

The layer of epithelial cells that lines blood vessels and the serous cavities of the body

70
Q

Fibrin

A

A protein formed from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin

71
Q

Fibrinogen

A

A plasma protein produced in the liver and converted to fibrin through the Adrian or thrombin

72
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

Enzymatic breakdown of a blood clot

73
Q

Hemophilia

A

A bleeding disorder resulting from a hereditary coagulation factor deficiency or dysfunction

74
Q

Petechiae

A

Small purplish hemorrhagic spots on the skin

75
Q

Plasmid

A

An enzyme that binds to fibrin and initiates breakdown of the fibrin clot

76
Q

Plasminogen

A

The inactive precursor of plasmin

77
Q

Prothrombin

A

The precursor of thrombin. Factor II

78
Q

Thrombin

A

A protein formed from prothrombin by the action of thromboplastin and other factors in the presence of calcium ions

79
Q

Thromboplastin

A

A lipoprotein found in endothelium and other tissue. Factor III

80
Q

Enzyme

A

A protein that causes or accelerates changes in other substances without being changed itself

Hematology (5 decks)

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