Definitions Flashcards
Strain theory
Merton, strain between what people are told they can achieved and what they can realistically achieve - the American dream does not apply to everyone and so causes strain, resulting in people reacting to the strain in five ways: conform, innovate, ritualist, retreatist, rebellion
Boundary maintenance
Durkheim - crime acts as one by setting boundaries to warn people about commuting crimes. When we see people being punished it reminds us of the expected behaviour, controlling people
Status frustration
Cohen - the lower classes are frustrated at their position and inequality, so commit crime in response (often violent)
Delinquency and drift
people simply drift into crime, anyone has the potential and the lower classes just have more opportunity
Deviancy amplification
Media - exaggerating the problem of crime, and stereotyping
Halls theory of mugging
Jock - moral panic
Criminogenic capitalism
Apitalism creates criminals - nature of capitalism to gain material
New criminology
Marxism and interactionism combined
Realism
They want to deal with crime practically rather than simply coming up with theories
Right realism
There has been a breakdown in traditional values which had led to crime. Rejects left as people make a conscious decision to commit crimes. Broken windows - if the area is looked after, people feel obliged to respect it
Left realism
Marxists: relative deprivation, marginalisation, subculture
Chivalry thesis
Pollak - gender stereotyping
CJS doesn’t like to view women as dangerous
Liberation thesis
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Social Policy
The actions, plans, and programmes of gov bodies and agencies that aim to deal with a problem or achieve a goal
