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2nd Year Instrumentation > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

FCE stands for

A

Final control element

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2
Q

CO stands for

A

Controller output

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3
Q

PV stands for

A

Process Variable

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4
Q

UTP stands for

A

Upper trip point

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5
Q

LT stands for

A

Level transmitter

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6
Q

LTP stands for

A

Lower trip point

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7
Q

Def : ripple

A

A variation in dc voltage magnitude

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8
Q

Def : seebeck effect is

A

Redistribution of electrons when one end of the conductor is heated

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9
Q

Def : law of intermediate metals?

A

The introduction of a third metal into a cct has no effect on Eo if the junctions created by 3rd metal are the same temp

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10
Q

Rtd temp coefficient

A

Temp resistance compared to temp change

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11
Q

Def ice point (rtd)

A

Ohms at 0’C

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12
Q

Def : control algorithm

A

A mathematical representation of the control action being performed

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13
Q

Def : Control action (P)

A

Control action where there is a continuous linear relation between output and input

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14
Q

Def : control action, integral (reset)

A

The RATE OF CHANGE of the output is proportional to the input

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15
Q

Def : control action, derivative (Rate) (D)

A

The RATE OF CHANGE of the output is proportional to the RATE OF CHANGE of the input

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16
Q

Def : control action, proportional-plus-integral (PI)

A

The output is proportional to the linear combo of the input and time integral of the input

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17
Q

Def : control action, proportional-plus-derivative(PD)

A

The output is proportional to a linear combination of the input and the time rate of change of the input

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18
Q

Def : control action, proportional- plus -integral-plus -derivative

A

The output is proportional to a linear combo of the input , the time integral of the input and the rate of chang of the input

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19
Q

Def : stable control

A

The PV eventually reaches a constant value after an error occurs

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20
Q

Def : unstable control

A

The PV oscillates wildly after an error occurs

21
Q

Def : controlled variable (CV)

A

A process variable (PV) that is to controlled at a desired state by manipulate another process variable

22
Q

Def : negative feedback

A

Returning part of an output signal and using it to reduce the value of the output signal

23
Q

Def : stability

A

Freedom from undesirable deviation

24
Q

Def : step change

A

The change from 1 value to another in a single increment of negligible time

25
Q

Def : transient

A

The behavior of a variable during transition between 2 steady states

26
Q

Def : damping

A

Reduction of oscillations in response to a step change

27
Q

Def : bias

A

The CO required to maintain the balance between SP and PV

28
Q

Def : offset
Solution?

A

Controller thinks the 2 are @ the same point. Caused by spring not matching controller.
Solution: adjust spring

29
Q

COo is

A

Bias spring

30
Q

Def : proportional gain
Adjusted by?

A
  • regulates how much CO changes after an error
  • physical knob
31
Q

Def : pump head

A

The height of a vertical column of liquid that the pump holds up

32
Q

Def NPSH
Pump

A

Net positive suction head
Measure of the pressure at the pump end of the outlet

33
Q

Def : incident radiation

A

The energy hitting a body in the form of waves or particles

34
Q

Def : absorbed radiation

A

Radiant energy absorbed through a body

35
Q

Def : reflected radiation ?
Symbol?

A

Is the radiant energy reflected by a body
Symbol R

36
Q

Def : transmitted radiation?
Symbol?

A

Transmitted through a body
Symbol T

37
Q

I = A + R + T = 1 is for

A

Sum of incident radiation

38
Q

Def : Emissivity

A

The ratio of radiant energy an object emits dived by the amount of energy a black body emits at the same temp

39
Q

Def : blackbody

A

Absorbs all radiation and radiates more than any other

40
Q

Controllers
ADC is

A

Analog to digital

41
Q

Controllers
DAC is

A

Digital to analog

42
Q

Def :Grey body

A

Object with emissivity of less than 1. Same at all wave lengths

43
Q

Def : non grey body

A

Emissivity varies varies with wave length and temp

44
Q

Def flocculation

A

Chemical process to remove coloital and spended solids ( particles attract of the colotals)

45
Q

Def : conduction (heat)

A

Heat transfer from high heat to low heat in same object

46
Q

Def : convection (heat)

A

Heat transfer from 1 location to another

47
Q

Def : radiation ( heat)

A

Heat transfer through space

48
Q

Def : crystallization

A

Separates solids from liquids by dropping heat till solids precip out as crystals

2nd Year Instrumentation (8 decks)

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