Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

ratio of vol of blood ejected from ventricle per beat (SV) to vol of blood in ventricle at end of diastole, load-dependent parameter

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2
Q

Chronotrophy

A

Changes in HR

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3
Q

Lusitrophy

A

myocardial relaxation; energy-consuming process linked to reuptake of Ca

SNS stimulation: +lusitrophic effect

Ventricular relaxation impaired by hypoxia, acidosis, cardiac dz (LV hypertrophy, ischemia)

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4
Q

Bathmotrophy

A

changes to excitability of heart m

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5
Q

Dromotrophy

A

conduction velocity through AVN

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6
Q

Ventricular Systolic Function

A

principal determinant of SV

myocardial contractility, relaxation, preload, afterload

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7
Q

Ventricular Diastolic Function

A

coronary perfusion, myocardial relaxation

myocardial compliance, filling pressures, mechanical rhythm/function, SNS activity, venoconstriction, venous return

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8
Q

Stroke Volume

A

vol of blood ejected during one ventricular ctx

Consists of preload, after load, contractility

=EDV-ESV

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9
Q

Preload

A

venous return during diastole preloading ventricle before ctx/eject

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10
Q

Afterload

A

resistance against systolic ejection that ventricle must overcome IOT eject blood

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11
Q

Frank Starling

A

more heart muscle is stretched during filling, greater the force of ctx, greater quantity of blood pumped into the area

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12
Q

SAP

A

peak pressure maintained in artery or arteriole during one cardiac cycle

Determined by SV, velocity of LV ejec, arterial resistance, blood viscosity

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13
Q

DAP

A

lowest arterial pressure measure during cycle

Affected by blood viscosity, arterial compliance, cardiac cycle length

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14
Q

Isovolumetric contraction

A

rapid increase in ventricular pressure while both AV, semilunar valves closed so ventricular vol remains constant, right arm of PV loop

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15
Q

Isovolumetric relaxation

A

period btw closure of semilunar valves, opening of AV valves
o Beginning of ventricular diastole
o Rapid decrease in ventricular pressure, no change in ventricular vol

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16
Q

Isotonic Contraction

A

period where semilumar valves open, minimal changes in ventricular pressure but ventricular vol decreases

17
Q

Frank Starling Curve

A

SV vs EDP: afterload dependent measure of inotropy

Increased inotrophy shifts curve up, L
Decreased shifts curve down, R

18
Q

QT Interval

A

duration of ventricular AP, ventricular depolarization, repolarization

19
Q

PR Interval

A

onset of P wave to start of QRS complex, reflects conduction through AV node

20
Q

RR Interval

A

duration btw each cardiac cycle

21
Q

PR/PQ Interval

A

time for atria to contract prior to ventricular filling, atrial kick

22
Q

ST Segment

A

interval beginning immediately after S wave of QRS (J point) and preceding T wave

23
Q

Unstressed Volume

A

certain vol required to fill vascular bed to point where presence exerts force on vessel walls

24
Q

Stressed Volume

A

any vol above unstressed volume’s exertion of pressure, exerts increasing depress of pressure on venous vascular bed

25
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

current inflow in electrical circuit = electromotive force/voltage or resistance to flow
o I (current) = E (voltage)/R
o Flow of fluids through non-distensible tube: flow = driving pressure/resistance to flow (Q=P/R)

26
Q

Fahraeus-Linquist Effect

A

centralization of RBCs, decreased RBC #s at vessel wall (plasma skimming)

Small vessels