Definitions Flashcards
kinematics
describes the study of how objects move
motion
a change in the location of an object as measured by an observer
distance
total length of the path travelled by an object in motion
displacement
the change in an object’s position over time
scalar quantities
-tells us the magnitude (size)
e.g.
distance (5km)
time (7 s)
speed (8m/s)
vector quantities
-tells us the magnitude (size) and direction
e.g.
position (5 km east)
velocity (3 m/s west)
displacement
acceleration
instantaneous speed or instantaneous velocity
the exact values of each in that INSTANT
uniform motion
when velocity is constant in a straight line
any change in speed or direction results in
non-uniform motion
non-uniform motion is equal to
accelerated motion
acceleration is the ______ of velocity
rate of change
an object that’s slowing down is ________ (2m/s2 N) or ________- (-2m/s N)
decelerating; accelerating
force of gravity on Earth
9.8 m/s2 (down)
what is the slope on a pt graph
velocity
curved segment on a pt graph means
objects speed is changing
flatline pt graph
stopped
sloping up pt graph
constant speed away
sloping down pt graph
constant speed back towards start
curved line pt graph
changing speed –> accelerating
area under a velocity time graph
gives the displacement of the object
terminal velocity
the velocity of an object when the force due to air resistance equals the force due to gravity on the object
average speed
the total distance travelled divided by the total time to travel that distance
average velocity
the slope of a secant on a pt graph
instantaneous velocity
the slope of the tangent to a position-time graph
instantaneous speed
the magnitude of the slope of the tangent to a pt graph
free fall
the motion of a falling object where the only force acting on the object is gravity
projectile
an object that is launched through the air along a parabolic trajectory and accelerates due to gravity
range ( ΔDx)
hor. displacement of a projectile
projectile motion
the motion of a projectile such that the hor. component of the velocity is constant and the vertical motion has a constant acceleration due to gravity
frame of reference
a coordinate system relative to which motion is described or observed
relative velocity
the velocity of an object relative to a specific frame of reference
force
push or a pull
newton
the SI unit of force (N)
contact force
a force that acts b/w 2 objects when they touch each other
non-contact force
a force that acts b/w 2 objects w/o the objects touching
non-contact force also known as …
action at a distance force
force of gravity
the force of attraction b/w all objects due to mass
normal force
a force perpendicular to the surface b/w objects in contact
tension
a force exerted by objects that can be stretched
