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Physics 11 > 11.1 Electrical Energy and Power Plants > Flashcards

11.1 Electrical Energy and Power Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

Electricity

A

refers to electrical energy and the movement of charge

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2
Q

electrical power

A

the rate of transformation of electrical energy

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3
Q

kilowatt hour

A

measure of electrical energy

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4
Q

efficiency

A

a measure of how well a technology transforms energy

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5
Q

Electrostatics

A

The study of electric charges that are stationary. (not moving)

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6
Q

Electric Charge

A

property of matter that is responsible for all
electric and magnetic forces and interactions.

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7
Q

Electric charge is described as …

A

negative
or positive.

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8
Q

Static Electricity

A

A buildup of stationary electric charge on a
substance.

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9
Q

Matter is composed of sub-microscopic particles
called ______.

A

atoms

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10
Q

Electric charges are carried by particles within the
atom that are called ______and ______

A

electrons and protons.

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11
Q

Protons are found in a small central region of the
atom called the ________.

A

nucleus

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12
Q

protons are small, heavy
particles, and each one carries a positive electric
charge of a specific magnitude, called the
_______________.

A

elementary charge

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13
Q

If an atom gains an extra electron, it is no
longer neutral but has an excess of
electrons and a net negative charge. Such
an atom is called a negative _____.

A

ion

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14
Q

If an atom loses an electron, it will have a
deficit of electrons and a net positive
charge. Such an atom is called a positive
____.

A

ion

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15
Q

opposite electric charges…

A

attract

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16
Q

similar electric charges…

A

repel

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17
Q

charged objects (positive or neg)…

A

attract neutral objects

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18
Q

Charging an object involves the ____
or ______ of electrons.

A

addition; removal

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19
Q

If electrons are removed from an object,
the object will be charged …

A

positively

20
Q

If electrons are added to an object the
object will be charged …

A

negatively

21
Q

Conductors are solids in which charge

A

flows freely

22
Q

examples of conductors

A

copper, gold

23
Q

Insulators are solids that…

A

hinder the flow of charge

24
Q

example of an insulator

A

rubber

25
Q

Electric charges exert forces that can
______ and _____ each other even when
they are not in direct contact.

A

attract; repel

26
Q

Every charged object creates an electric
_________ in the space around it and any
other charged object in that field will feel a
force of electrical _______ or __________.

A

field of force; attraction; repulsion

27
Q

The electric field is represented by
drawing a many “field” lines around the
charged object.

Field lines show the _____ of the
electric force on a ______ test charge
placed at every point in the field.

A

direction; positive

28
Q

Field lines closer together tell us the
electric field is very ________.

A

strong

29
Q

The unit we use to measure electric
charge is called the ________.

A

Coulomb (C)

30
Q

what number does e represent

A

e = 1.60 x 10^-19 Coulombs

31
Q

Q

A

Q is the amount of charge on an object
(measured in Coulombs)

32
Q

N

A

N is the number of elementary charges

33
Q

When there are extra electrons, e and
Q are ________.

A

negative

34
Q

When there are electrons missing, e and Q are
____________.

A

positive

35
Q

_______ are continuous paths in which
electric current can flow.

A

Circuits

36
Q

Circuits need to consist of a ______ loop
in which the electric charge can
continuously ______.

A

closed; move

37
Q

If there is a break in
the path, the electrons will _____ flowing.

A

stop

38
Q

battery function

A

Source of electric energy

39
Q

wires function

A

Provide a path for the electrons to travel on.

40
Q

resistor or load function

A

Uses up the energy – often dissipates it as heat.

41
Q

voltmeter function

A

Measure electric potential difference

42
Q

ammeter function

A

Measure electric current

43
Q

Circuits are classified as either ________________ depending on how they are
connected.

A

parallel or series

44
Q

series circuit

A

When a circuit is
connected in series,
there is only one way
the electrons can go.

45
Q

parallel circuit

A

When a circuit is connected
in parallel, there is more
than one way the electrons
can go.

46
Q

short circuit

A

A “short circuit” happens when electricity is allowed
to move through a path of least resistance, in
essence, not using up any energy.

Physics 11 (30 decks)

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