Defining SKIN lesions

Question 1

What is a macule?

Answer 1

• flat
• often red
• <1cm
• well defined border
• arises from the epidermis

Question 2

What is a papule?

Answer 2

• raised and palpable lesion
• <5mm diameter
• well defined border
• typically not compressible
• arises from the dermis

Question 3

What is a patch?

Answer 3

• a larger macule

ie:

• flat
• often red
• > 1cm
• well defined border
• arises from the epidermis

Question 4

What is maculopapular?

Answer 4

• red area covered with small confluent bumps

Question 5

What is a nodule?

Answer 5

• a papule that is >5mm

ie:

• raised and palpable lesion
• > 5mm diameter
• well defined border
• typically not compressible
• arises from the dermis

Question 6

What is a plaque?

Answer 6

• a palpable lesion with a flat top
• > 1cm diameter
• well defined border
• not compressible

Question 7

What is a wheal?

Answer 7

• raised
• blanches
• compressible
• caused by oedema of the dermis

Question 8

What is a vesicle?

Answer 8

• a fluid filled lesion <5mm diameter
• raised
• arises from the epidermis

Question 9

What is a bulla?

Answer 9

• a vesicle >5mm diameter

- likely from the dermis

Question 10

What is a pustule?

Answer 10

• visible collection of pus in the skin <1cm diameter

Question 11

What is an abscess

Answer 11

• a pustule >1cm diameter

ie:
- visible collection of pus in the skin >1cm

Question 12

What is purpura?

Answer 12

• bleeding into the dermis
• multiple dark coloured spots, can be red or purple in colour
• can be macular or papular

Question 13

What is petechiae?

Answer 13

• purpura <2mm diameter

ie:

• bleeding into dermis
• multiple dark coloured spots, can be red or purple in colour
• can be macular or papular

Question 14

What is a haematoma?

Answer 14

• swelling from a large bleed in the skin

- often tender and palpable

Question 15

What is milia?

Answer 15

• tiny white spots

- contain keratin, occurs as a result of the blocked pilosebacious glands

Question 16

What is a papilloma?

Answer 16

• warty-like appearance
• tiny finger like projections from the skin surface
• typically from wart viruses )(HPV)

Question 17

What is an ulcer?

Answer 17

• a deep skin defect

- goes all the way through the epidermis and may or may not effect the dermis

Question 18

What is an erosion?

Answer 18

• a shallow skin defect

- affect the epidermis only

Question 19

What is a fissure?

Answer 19

• a split in the skin

- affects dermis and epidermis

Question 20

What is excoriation?

Answer 20

• scratch marks

Question 21

What is keloid?

Answer 21

• scar tissue that goes beyond the boundaries of the original injury

Question 22

What 7 types can derm diagnoses be split into?

Answer 22

INFECTION
bacterial:
- impetigo
- cellulitis
viral:
- herpes simplex
- chicken pox
- warts
- pityriasis rosea
- viral rash "viral exanthem"
ACNE
PSORIASIS
ECZEMA
URTICARIA
SUN-RELATED SKIN CANCERS
DRUG-RELATED ERUPTIONS