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OSU > Defensive Tactics > Flashcards

Defensive Tactics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three points in Operational Response?

A

Service
Safety
Harm Minimisation

(Service + Safety = Harm Minimisation)

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2
Q

What is the Operational Safety Tool? (SAFE TACTICS)

A 
Slow down/ Step back
Assess the risks 
Formulate a plan
Evaluate your options 
Take charge 
Apply relevant Legislation/ Policy
Create a safe operating environment
Tactical Options 
Information gathering
Communication
Support
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3
Q

What is the Incident Management Model? (7)

A

ICENCIR

Isolate (the incident, either for evidentiary value or from causing danger to others)
Contain (the incident from escalating)
Evacuate (where possible to prevent danger to others)
Negotiate (where possible to bring about a resolution)
Conclude (the task to completion with maximum possible safety)
Investigate (the incident or hand over to other experts or authorities where necessary)
Rehabilitate the incident scene to its original state or hand over to the relevant agent)

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4
Q

What is the source of the Statutory Authority for the Use of Force?

A

Crimes Act - Section 462A

“A person must use such force not disproportionate to the objective as he believes on reasonable grounds to be necessary to prevent the commission, continuance or completion of an indictable offence or to effect or assist in affecting the lawful arrest of a person committing or suspected of committing any offence.”

Any force used must be reasonable and proportionate.

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5
Q

What can an inappropriate use of force by Police Members result in? (3)

A

Disciplinary action;
Civil Action;
Criminal Action

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6
Q

How do create a plan for unexpected incidents? (3)

A

HI AR RC

Hazard Identification
Assess Risk
Risk Control

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7
Q

What are the factors between Police/Subject factors affecting levels of force? (11)

A 
A) Size
B) Special Skill
C) Age
D) Gender
E) Multiple Offences
F) Multiple Police
G) Proximity of Offender to Firearm
H) Member injured or disabled 
I) Fatigue
J) Ground Position 
K) Special Knowledge
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8
Q

What are the success factors when using force? (4)

A

RISC System

Rapid - Immediacy in action.
Intensity - Intense application of force to the subject.
Specific - Techniques should be delivered to a specific target.
Competence - Your own competency in applying techniques.

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9
Q

What are the Subject Control Distances? (2)

A

Apparently Unarmed: 2.0 metres or more.

Armed with an edged weapon or club: 6.0 metres or more.

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10
Q

What are the Subject Categories? (2)

A

Apparently cooperative

Uncooperative

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11
Q

How do we decide how to apply the human rights charter? (3)

A
  • Authorised (by the Law)
  • Necessary, reasonable and proportionate
  • The less restrictive
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12
Q

What does TOM stand for?

A

Tactical Options Model.

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13
Q

TOM hierarchy?

A

Safety First, Assess and Reassess

Communication

Presence, OC aerosols, other weapons, CED, Empty hand tactics, Negotiation, Firearm, Tactical Disengagement, Baton, Cordon and Manage

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14
Q

What are the state’s of mental awareness? (6)

A

If/THEN thinking (formulating plans if this then that)

Condition Complacent (member ignores danger or is oblivious to danger due to ignorance)

Condition Panic (panics and does nothing in response to event due to fear)

Condition Alert (relaxed and alert, and cautious but not tense)

Condition Danger (anticipates danger)

Condition Response (can respond to danger with reflexive actions)

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15
Q

What are the kinds of escort holds so far? (3)

A

Single-handed escort hold.
Blanket escort hold.
Double-handed escort hold.

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16
Q

What are the decentralisation techniques? (3)

A
  • Bring to your centre.
  • Roll the ball
  • Take out the slack.
17
Q

What is positional asphyxia?

A

positional asphyxia is most simply defined as when the position of a person’s body interferes with respiration, resulting in death from asphyxia or suffocating

18
Q

Where might the term “positional asphyxia” apply?

A

A death where:

  • the person has been placed in a position that interfered with pulmonary gas exchange. This may be as a result of obstruction of the mouth and nose or restriction of the chest or diaphragm; AND
  • the person has been unable to escape. This inability to escape can be the result of restraint or unresponsiveness brought on by the effects of drugs or injury, AND
  • the death cannot be attributed to any other cause
19
Q

What are the risk factors in regards to Positional Asphyxia? (6)

A
  • Obesity
  • Psychosis
  • Pre-existing Physical Conditions
  • Respiratory Muscle Fatigue
  • Multiple Police
  • Use of Tactical Options (O/C and C.E.D)
20
Q

What is the downward spiral in regard to Positional Asphyxia? (3)

A
  • Development of the Incident
  • Intervention
  • Exhaustion
21
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Positional Asphyxia? (10)

A
  • telling you he/she cannot breathe
  • gurgling/gasping sounds
  • cyanosis (face is discoloured blue from oxygen deprivation)
  • marked expansion of the veins in the neck
  • swelling, redness or blood spots on the face or neck
  • evidence or report of a subject feeling sick or vomiting
  • respiratory or cardiac arrest
  • loss or reduced levels of consciousness
  • panicked, prolonged resistance - three stages of restraint
  • sudden tranquility, active subject suddenly changes to passive, loud/violent becomes quiet/tranquil
22
Q

What are prevention strategies for Positional Asphyxia? (5)

A
  • identify persons at risk
  • avoid prone restraint unless absolutely necessary
  • identify danger signs of asphyxia
  • constantly monitor the person
  • seek medical attention
23
Q

What is the Baton structure from bottom to top?(5)

A
  • Threaded butt cap or plug
  • Retaining spring, securing shaft in the handle
  • Threaded handle
  • Shaft composed of Mid-section and End-section
  • Tip
24
Q

What are the baton strikes learnt thus far? (6)

A
  • Weapon strike
  • (figure 8)
  • Straight Strike (closed)
  • Clearance strike
  • Butt strike (collarbone)
  • Rapid Response
25
Q

How can we justify use of force? (5)

A

FORCE test

  • Force
  • Opportunity
  • Reasonable
  • Capability
  • Exclusion
26
Q

What happens when an assailant grabs your firearm? (3)

A

GUN

  • Grab
  • Undo
  • Neutralise
27
Q

What are potential disarming dangers of firearms?

A
  • the hands and/or fingers closest to the cylinder or ejection port may receive power burns and lacerations.
  • the eardrums may be damaged due to the close proximity of the firearm
  • the skin on the hands, face and neck may be injured
  • the eyes may be damaged from muzzle and cylinder blast as the firearm discharges
  • someone may be shot. No one can pre-determine the effect of a bullet wound. The psychological determination of the injured person will often determine the ultimate outcome of such an encounter.
28
Q

What are the basic knife defences?

A
  • communicate
  • deflect and run
  • grab wrist
29
Q

When might restrain and control tactics be used?

A
  • arrest of any person who offers physical resistance
  • removal of demonstrators or trespassers
  • arrest of violent offenders and drunken brawlers
  • restraint of people effected by mental instability
  • other situations where the use of force or deployment of tactical options would be inappropriate
30
Q

What are the dangers of restraint and control techniques?

A
  • Proximity of offender to equipment (equipment vulnerability)
  • Communicable Diseases.
31
Q

What is a prolonged period of time to have someone in a three-point hold in regards to Positional Asphyxia?

A

Defined as being more than 2 minutes. Though you should remove a detained person from this position as soon as practicable.

32
Q

What are the positions within relative positioning theory?

A

0 degrees, inside position, an area to avoid if possible
45 degrees front, left or right frontal position, best for frontal approach
90 degrees, lateral position
45 degrees rear, ideal for escort or compliance holds
Rear, best for decentralisation, control and searching

OSU (5 decks)

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