Defenses Negating Capacity: Intoxication and Infancy Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of intoxication?

A
  1. voluntary intoxication;

2. involuntary intoxication

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2
Q

What is “voluntary intoxication”?

A

“voluntary intoxication” is when intoxication the result of INTENTIONAL taking WITHOUT DURESS of a substance KNOWN to be intoxicating

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3
Q

When may evidence of “voluntary intoxication” be permitted?

A
  1. crime requires purpose (intent) or knowledge; AND
  2. intoxication prevented D from achieving mental state

EFFECT –> voluntary intoxication MAY be a good defense to SPECIFIC INTENT crimes, but not to malice, general intent, or strict liability crimes

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4
Q

What is the rule with regards to “voluntary intoxication” and crimes that require recklessness?

A

A person who would have been aware of the risk had he not been intoxicated acts recklessly with regards to the risk

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5
Q

With regards to “voluntary intoxication” what is the rule if D purposely becomes intoxicated in order to establish the defense?

A

Then it is not available

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6
Q

What is “involuntary intoxication”?

A

Intoxication is involuntary if substance is taken:

  1. WITHOUT knowledge of its nature;
  2. Under direct duress imposed by another, or
  3. pursuant to MEDICAL ADVICE while not aware of its intoxicating effect
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7
Q

What is the effect of “involuntary intoxication”?

A

Its treated as mental illness

EFFECT –> D is entitled to acquittal if he meets state’s insanity test

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8
Q

What are the two approaches to the defense of “Infancy”?

A
  1. common law

2. Modern approach

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9
Q

What are the common law rules with regards to the defense of infancy?

A

Child under 7 –> no liability
Child btwn 7 and 14 –> REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTION that child was unable to understand wrongfulness of his acts
Child aged 14+ –> treated as adults

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10
Q

What is the modern approach with regards to the defense of infancy?

A

Usually provide that no child can be convicted of a crime until a stated age (often 13 or 14)

HOWEVER –> children can be found delinquent in juvenile or family courts

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