Defense and Coping Mechanism Flashcards
vertical and hierarchical architecture of human consciousness
structural model of the mind
belief that significant psychic events take place below the surface in the unconscious mind
structural model of the mind
primarily unconscious
id
goal is immediate gratification of the drives, otherwise it would create anxiety if not allowed
id
both has conscious and unconscious components
superego
mediator between the id and superego
ego
it is where most people are especially when performing executive functions
ego
collection, identification, organization, and interpretation of sensory information to represent and understand the environment
perception
acquisition of new, modifying and reinforcing existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values and preferences
learning
ego’s capacity to distinguish what is occurring in one’s own mind from what is occurring in the external world
reality testing
single most important ego function
reality testing
ability to have logical, coherent, and abstract thoughts
thinking
becomes disorganized during stress
thinking
ability to understand; action of grasping with the intellect
comprehension
experience of feeling or emotion
affect
capability of particular individuals to make decisions after careful thought; discernment
judgment
conflict between superego and id produces _________
anxiety
ego defense is recruited to decrease anxiety. as a consequence, a character trait or symptom is formed and is referred to as ________________
defense mechanism
compromise;
can be normal and adaptive
defense mechanism
allows expression of impulses in a disguised form
defense mechanism
roles of defense mechanism
soften feelings of inadequacy
protect sense of personal worth
4 classification of defense mechanism
narcissistic/psychotic
immature
neurotic
mature
defenses usually found as part of psychotic processes
narcissistic
3 narcissistic defense mechanisms
denial
distortion
projection
reality ignored to avoid painful feelings and memories
denial
can be adaptive or maladaptive
seeing but not acknowledging what one sees, hears
denial
altering one’s perception of the environment by replacing reality with a more acceptable version in order to suit the inner needs
distortion
devoid of reality
distortion
casting out unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto others
projection
misinterpreting motives, attitudes, feelings, intentions of others
projection
often mobilized by anxieties related to intimacy or its loss
immature defense mechanisms
regarded as socially awkward and undesirable
immature defense mechanisms
6 immature defense mechanisms
acting out passive-aggressive behavior regression schizoid fantasy somatization hypochondriasis
performing an extreme behavior in order to express thoughts or feelings the person feels incapable of otherwise expressing
acting out
inappropriate, impulsive behaviors
acting out
expression of hostile feelings in a non-aggressive or non-confrontational manner
passive-aggressive behavior
expressed indirectly and ineffectively through passivity, masochism, and turning against the self
passive-aggressive behavior
attempt to go back to an earlier phase of functioning in an attempt to avoid current tension
normal phenomenon
regression
retreating into one’s private internal world to avoid anxiety brought by interpersonal situations
schizoid fantasy
converting emotional pain into physical symptoms and focusing one’s attention on somatic rather than intrapsychic concerns
somatization
exaggerating or overemphasizing an illness for the purpose of evasion and regression
hypochondriasis
unacceptable aggressive impulses toward others is transformed into self-reproach and complaints of pain, somatic illness and neurasthenia
hypochondriasis
common in apparently normal and healthy individuals as well as in neurotic disorders
neurotic defense mechanisms
7 neurotic defense mechanisms
displacement intellectualization rationalization isolation of affect reaction formation repression sexualization
transferring an emotional associated to another where the expression is more permitted, less forbidden and more acceptable
displacement
overemphasis on thinking to deal with emotional issues
intellectualization
attention is focused on irrelevant details
intellectualization
offering rational explanations in an attempt to justify beliefs, attitudes or behaviors or failures that is otherwise unacceptable or intolerable
rationalization
separating an idea from its associated emotion
isolation of affect
unacceptable wishes are transformed into the complete opposite
reaction formation
expelling or excluding unacceptable ideas or impulses or blocking them from entering consciousness
repression
situations and people are colored with sexual overtones that were either not there, if present, were subtle
sexualization
healthy and adaptive throughout the life cycle
socially adaptive and useful in the integration of personal needs and motives, social demands, and interpersonal relations
mature defense mechanisms
not expected from infants and childrens
mature defense mechanisms
8 mature defense mechanisms
altruism anticipation asceticism humor sublimation suppression identification undoing
committing oneself to the needs of others over and above one’s own needs
altruism
can be a source of great achievements and constructive contributions to society
altruism
delaying immediate gratification by planning and thinking about future achievements and accomplishments
anticipation
attempt to eliminate pleasurable aspects of experiences
asceticism
finding something comic in difficult situations to reduce unpleasant affect and personal discomfort
humor
channeling of unacceptable impulse, thoughts and emotions into acceptable ones
sublimation
conscious decision to delay paying attention to an emotion or need in order to cope with the present reality
suppression
internalizing the qualities of another person and becoming like the person
identification
attempt to take back an unconscious behavior or thought that is unacceptable or hurtful
undoing
3 classes of coping mechanisms
consciously seeking social support
conscious cognitive strategies
adaptive involuntary coping mechanisms
classes of coping mechanisms
way in which an individual elicits help from appropriate others
consciously seeking social support
classes of coping mechanisms
intentionally used to master stress
conscious cognitive strategies
classes of coping mechanisms
distorts perception of internal and external reality in order to reduce subjective distress, anxiety and depression
adaptive involuntary coping mechanisms
7 levels of involuntary coping mechanisms
defensive deregulation level action major image distorting disavowal minor image distorting mental inhibitions high adaptive
failure of defensive regulation to contain the individual’s reaction to stressors, leading to a pronounced break with objective reality
defensive deregulation level
delusional projection
psychotic denial of external reality
psychotic distortion
defensive deregulation
defensive functioning that deals with stressors by action or withdrawal
action level
gross distortion or misattribution of the image of self of others
major image distorting level
autistic fantasy
splitting of self-image
major image distorting level
acting out
passive aggression
apathetic withdrawal
help-rejecting complaining
action level
keeping unpleasant or unacceptable stressors, impulses, ideas, affects or responsibility out of awareness with or without a misattribution of these to external causes
disavowal level
denial
projection
rationalization
disavowal level
distortions in the image of the self, body, or others that may be employed to regulate self-esteem
minor image distorting
devaluation
idealization
omnipotence
minor image distorting level
compromise formation
keeps potentially threatening ideas, feelings, memories, wishes, or fears out of awareness
mental inhibition level
displacement reaction formation dissociation repression intellectualization undoing isolation of affect
mental inhibition level
results in optimal adaptation in the handling of stressors
usually maximize gratification and allow the conscious awareness of feelings, ideas, and their consequences
promote an optimum balance among conflicting motives
high adaptive level
anticipation self-assertion affiliation self-observation altruism sublimation humor suppression
high adaptive level
