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Anatomy! Written 1 > Deep Back > Flashcards

Deep Back Flashcards

1
Q

Action of Deep Back Muscles

A 
Maintain Posture
Balance
Produce Movements (flexion, extension, rotation) of back
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2
Q

Places for most of the attachments

A

Transverse and spinous processes

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3
Q

Intrinsic back muscles are innervated by the

A

Dorsal Primary Rami of spinal nerves

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4
Q

Groups of the intrinsic back muscles

A
  1. Splenius Group
  2. Erector Spinae Group
  3. Transverseospinalis Group
  4. Suboccipital Muscles
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5
Q

3 layers

A

Superficial Layer - Erector Spinae and Splenius
Intermediate Layer - Transversospinalis
Deep Layer - Semental and suboccipital

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6
Q

Splenius Group

A

Bandage Like
Arise from posterior midline of back and go laterally and superiorly to insertion
Most superficial of the intrinsic muscles
Splenius Capitis
Splenius Cervicis

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7
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

Broad, flat muscle of the neck
Partly covered by trap and sternocleido
Upper and larger of the two

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8
Q

Splenius Capitis Origin and Insertion

A 
O = LIgamentum Nuchae, spinous process of C7 - T3
I = Occipital bone, mastoid process
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9
Q

Spleius Cervicis

A

Narrow, below and parallel to capitis

No fibers attach to skull

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10
Q

Splenius Cervicis O and I

A 
O = Spinous process of T3-T6
I = Transverse process of C2-C4
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11
Q

Erector Spinae Group

A 
Largest muscle mass of the back
*Chief extensor of Vertebral Column, unilaterally it flexes the head and vertebral column, bilaterally extends the head and vertebral column
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
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12
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Iliocostalis Lumborum
Iliocostalis Thoracis
Iliocostalis Cervicis
Most lateral of erector spinae group

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13
Q

Iliocostalis Lumborum O and I

A 
O = Common tendon of erector spinae
I = angle of ribs 6-12
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14
Q

Iliocostalis Thoracis O and I

A 
O = Lower 6 ribs
I = Upper 6 ribs
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15
Q

Iliocostalis Cervicis O and I

A 
O = Ribs 3-6
I = Transverse process of C4-C6
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16
Q

Longissimus

A

associated with trans. processes of vertebrae
intermediate division
lower part blends with iliocostalis lumborum
Longissimus thoracis
Longissimus cervicis
Longissimus capitis

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17
Q

Longissimus thoracis O and I

A 
O = part of common tendon 
I = Lower 9 ribs
18
Q

Longissimus cervicis O and I

A 
O = Transverse process of T1-T5
I = Transverse process of C2-C6
19
Q

Longissimus capitits O and I

A 
O = tendon of insertion of long cervicis
I = Mastoid process
20
Q

Spinalis

A 
Most medial and smallest division 
Poorly developed (usually only thoracic part is present)
Spinalis Thoracis
Spinalis Cervicis
Spinalis Lumborum
21
Q

Transversospinalis Muscle Group

A

Deep to the erector spinae
Semispinalis
Multifidus
Segmental Muscles

22
Q

Semispinalis

A

Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
Muscle fibers run longitudinally
Lie superficial to the multifidus

23
Q

Spinalis thoracis O and I

A 
O = Spine of T11-L2
I = Spine of T1 - T4
24
Q

Semispinalis Cervicis O and I

A 
O = Transverse process of T1 -T6
I = Spine of C2 - C5
25
Q

Semispinalis Capitis O and I

A 
O = Transverse and Articular processes of T1-T6
I = Occipital Bone
26
Q

Multifidus

A

Deep to semispinalis
Thickest in lumbar region
Sacral and Lumbar areas are covered by the erector spinae
Thoracic and Cervical areas are covered by semispinalis

27
Q

Segmental Muscles

A

Deepest part of the transversospinalis group
Deep to multifidus
Three Sets = Interspinalis, Intertransversarii, Rotators

28
Q

Interspinalis

A

Well developed in cervical and lumbar regions
Muscles are separated by interspinous ligaments
C2 to T1
Lacking in thoracic region

29
Q

Intertransversarii

A

Vertically btw adjacent transverse processes
Well developed in cervical and lumbar regions
None in thoracic region

30
Q

Rotators

A

Single origin and single insertion
Best developed in thoracic region
Long and Short rotators

31
Q

Long Rotators (Longus) O and I

A

O = Transverse Processes
I = Spinous processes of 2nd vertebrae above
Found in lumbar, thoracic and cervical areas
Skip a vertebrae

32
Q

Short Rotators (Brevis) O and I

A

O = Transverse processes
I = Spinous process of vertebrae above
Lumbar, thoracic, and cervical areas
Attach to vertebrae above (don’t skip)

33
Q

Suboccipital Muscles

A

Connects skull to atlas and axis
Oblique Capitis Inferior
Oblique Capitis Superior
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Nerve supply = Dorsal Ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
Greater Occipital Nerve = sensory nerve to posterior scalp - no innervation to these muscles though

34
Q

Oblique Capitis Inferior O and I

A 
O = Spine of axis
I = Transverse process of atlas
35
Q

Oblique Capitis Superior O and I

A 
O = Transverse process of atlas
I = Occipital bone
36
Q

Recuts Capitis Posterior Major O and I

A 
O = Spine of axis
I = Occipital bone
37
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor O and I

A 
O = Posterior tubercle of atlas
I = Occipital bone
38
Q

Vertebral Column Movements

A

Flexion
Extension
Lateral Flexion (side to side)
Rotation (same or opposite side)

39
Q

Flexion -

A

Anterior trunk muscles
Gravity
Back muscles act as antagonistic

40
Q

Extension -

A

All deep back muscles except intertransversarii

Erector Spinae is chief extensor

41
Q

Lateral Flexion -

A

Intertransversari
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis rotate the head
All muscles on opposite side control flexion b relaxing gradually

42
Q

Rotation -

A

Multidifidus, rotators, semispinalis - rotate to opposite side
Splenius and erector spinae - to same side

Anatomy! Written 1 (10 decks)

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