deck_17215195 Flashcards
The three main elements of a Web server
– Hardware
– Operating system software
– Web server software
Types of Web Site
– simple development sites
– Intranets
– information-only sites
– business-to-business portals
– Storefronts
– Content-delivery site
- transaction processing sites
Development Sites (stand alone)
simplest Web site
least costly to implement
developed with low-cost Web site building tools, e.g. Microsoft FrontPage or Macromedia Dreamweaver
Testers can access the site through their PCs on the existing LAN.
Intranet
Corporate intranets
– house internal memos,
– corporate policy handbooks,
– expense account worksheets,
– budgets,
– newsletters,
– a variety of other corporate documents.
Intranets are shielded from the Internet and they do not require additional security software
Extranet
allow certain authorized parties outside the company to access certain parts of the information stored in the system.
e.g. VPN, Secured Site (HTTPS)
Transaction-Processing Sites
b2b/b2c
available 24/7.
High-reliability servers
– Require spare server computers to handle high traffic volumes
– security software
Content-Delivery Sites
- Content-delivery sites deliver contents
– e.g. news, histories, summaries, and other digital information. - Able to be presented rapidly on the visitor’s screen
- Must be updated frequently
- Able to locate articles quickly with a fast and precise search engine.
Web Clients and Servers
- Visitor on the Web is the Web client computers on a worldwide client/server network.
- Client/server architectures are used in LANs, WANs, and the Web.
- Web software is platform neutral, letting computers communicate with each other easily.
LAN
Local area network
high speed connections between computers within same building
WAN
Wide area network
connecting several LANs
Limited to a corporation or a organisation
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network
span several buildings within same city or town
GAN
GAN
Global Area Network
composed of different interconnected computer networks (WAN) globally
Broadband Global Area Network
Provide high speed internet connection & phone from any part of the world
Dynamic Content
non- static information constructed in response to a Web client’s reques
Future of Dynamic Web Page Generation
Apache Cocoon project: content stored with XML tags that describe meaning of each content item
Cocoon: instead of a webpage, produce a response tailored to the request by applying a style sheet to the data
Meanings of Server
any computer used to provide files to other computers connected to it through a network
Server software
– Database server
2 tier client/server architecture
Web client (html document) ->TCP/IP Internet -> Web Server
HTTP (message request)
Web client (html document) <-TCP/IP Internet <- Web Server
HTTP (message response)
Operating Systems for Web Servers
A computer must have an operating system to run programs and keep track of multiple users logged on to the system.
It must also ensure that they do not interfere with one another
Web Server Software
Apache, HTTP Server, Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) and iPlanet Enterprise
Serve
Web Site and Internet Utility Programs
Finger, Tracert, Ping
Finger
program that runs on UNIX operating systems. It allows users to obtain information about other network users. Many organizations have disabled Finger commands for privacy and security reasons
Tracert
sends data packets to every computer on the path (Internet) between
computers and clocks the packet’s round-trip times
Ping (Packet Internet Groper)
tests the connectivity between two computers connected to
the Internet
Electronic Mail (e-mail)
convey messages within seconds
drawbacks:
– Spam or junk mail:
* Wastes time and disk space
* Often contains offensive content that poses risks for employers
– Viruses:
* Can be carried by email and infect entire systems
– Time
– Business people can spend up to two hours a day responding to messages
