Deck V Flashcards
What is phosphatidylcholine, the component of pulomary surfactant and sphingomyelin commonly known as?
Lecithin.
Pregnant patients taking Valproate are at risk for passing what types of conditions on to their offspring?
Neural tube defects (ex meningiocele)
On contrast MRI of the brain, toxoplasmosis infection presents in what way?
Multiple ring enhancing lesions.
Neisseria meningitidis is what kind of organism?
Gram negative cocci.
What drug is used as prophylaxis of close contacts of patients with invasive meningococcal infection?
Rifampin.
How does rabies encephalitis classically present?
Restlessness, agitation, dysphagia, progression to coma 30-50 days post exposure.
The vaccination for rabies is an example of what kind of vaccine?
Killed vaccine.
What is orotic aciduria?
A disorder of pyrimidine metabolism characterized by megaloblastic anemia, neurologic abnormalities, growth retardation, and excretion of high amounts of orotic acid in the urine.
What enzymes are deficient in orotic aciduria and what is their function?
Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase, OMP decarboxylase; both function to convert orotate to UMP
How is orotic aciduria treated?
Uridine supplementation.
What are the clinical symptoms of acute vitamin A toxicity?
Nausea, vomiting, vertigo, blurred vision.
What are the clinical symptoms of chronic vitamin A toxicity?
Alopecia, dry skin, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity, hepatosplenomeagly, visual difficulties.
What are the clinical symptoms of teratogenic vitamin A toxicity?
Microcephaly, cardiac anomalies, fetal death (especially in the first trimester).
In lead poisioning, what enzymes are most sensitive to toxic exposure (i.e. inactivated by lead)?
d-aminolevulinate dehydratase and ferrochetalase are most sensitive to lead inhibition.
What byproducts accumulate in lead poisioning?
d-ALA and protoporphyrin IX.
