Deck 6- Slides 20-

Question 1

_______ can easily be transformed.

Answer 1

Bacteria

Question 2

Human genes are often added to bacteria so that the bacteria will produce great quantities of _______ ________.

Answer 2

Human proteins

Question 3

Insulin, human growth hormone (HGH), interferon are all examples of ______ _______.

Answer 3

Human proteins

Question 4

Human genes are often added to small, circular pieces of bacterial DNA called _______ ________.

Answer 4

Bacterial plasmids

Question 5

A _______ _______ makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the recombinant plasmid from those that don’t.

Answer 5

Genetic marker

Question 6

Genes for resistance to __________ are often used as genetic markers.

Answer 6

Antibiotics

Question 7

Bacteria that pick up recombinant plasmids resistant to antibiotics will also be __________ to antibiotics.

Answer 7

Resistant

Question 8

After recombinant plasmids are mixed with bacteria, scientist add antibiotics and only the bacteria with the recombinant plasmids will __________ and produce ___________.

Answer 8

Survive, offspring

Question 9

In nature, bacteria infect plant cells by inserting plasmids that produce __________.

Answer 9

Tumors

Question 10

When transforming plant cells, scientists under a foreign _______ they want to get into a plant cell into a bacterial tumor causing the plasmid to become a ___________ ___________.

Answer 10

Gene, recombinant plasmid

Question 11

Next, in plant cell transformation, scientists __________ the gene in the plasmid that chases tumors.

Answer 11

Inactivate

Question 12

Then, the bacteria are allowed to ________ a plant cell, and the recombinant plasmids are ________ into the plant cell, so the foreign gene is now in the plant cell.

Answer 12

Infect, inserted

Question 13

The plant is then grown from the single plant cell, and _______ cell in the plant now has the foreign gene.

Answer 13

Every

Question 14

In order for plant cell transformation to be successful, the recombinant DNA must be integrated into one of the _________ of the cell.

Answer 14

Chromosomes

Question 15

Transforming animal cells is using done using _________ cells.

Answer 15

Egg

Question 16

Many egg cells are large enough that DNA can be directly _________ into the nucleus.

Answer 16

Injected

Question 17

Inside the nucleus, ________ normally responsible for DNA _________ May help to insert the foreign DNA into the chromosomes of he injected cell.

Answer 17

Enzymes, repair

Question 18

Knock out genes are used to determine the _________ of a gene.

Answer 18

Function

Question 19

In knock out genes, DNA molecules are constructed with two ends that will sometimes ________ with specific sequences in the host chromosome.

Answer 19

Recombine

Question 20

Next, the host gene normally found between those two sequences may be _________, making it possible to pinpoint the specific ________ of the replaced gene.

Answer 20

Replaced, function