Deck 2 Slides 9-19

Question 1

Genetic engineering is making changes in the ______ of organisms.

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Genetic engineering involves DNA _______ and ______ DNA to remove genes.

Answer 2

Extraction, cutting

Question 3

Taking DNA out of a cell is called _______ ________.

Answer 3

DNA extraction

Question 4

Cutting DNA to remove genes is done by _______ ________.

Answer 4

Restriction enzymes

Question 5

Each restriction enzyme cuts DNA at a specific ________ ________.

Answer 5

N-base sequence

Question 6

________ _______ allows the cut out gene to bond into another cell’s DNA that has been cut with the same restriction enzyme.

Answer 6

Sticky ends

Question 7

Separating DNA is done by ________ ________.

Answer 7

Gel electrophoresis

Question 8

Gel electrophoresis is comparing _______ (DNA) of different organisms by looking at similarities in DNA _______ _______.

Answer 8

Genomes, banding patterns

Question 9

Gel electrophoresis is used for _______ cases, _______ _______ investigation, and comparing DNA of 2 species to see how _______ they are.

Answer 9

Paternity,

crime scene,

similar

Question 10

DNA sequencing allows scientists to study specific _______ and the proteins they code for.

Answer 10

Genes

Question 11

DNA sequencing allows scientists to compare the similarity of genes between _______.

Answer 11

Species

Question 12

DNA sequencing allows scientists to better understand ________ in genes, and possibly fix them.

Answer 12

Mutations

Question 13

Cutting a gene out of one organism’s cell and adding it to the DNA of another organism makes _______ _______.

Answer 13

Recombinant DNA

Question 14

Recombinant DNA is made of 2 ________ organisms’ DNA.

Answer 14

Different

Question 15

When making recombinant DNA, the same _______ _______ is used to cut and paste the gene.

Answer 15

Restriction enzyme

Question 16

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to make multiple _______ of genes for study.

Answer 16

Copies

Question 17

A special DNA polymerase enzyme must be used for PCR that can withstand high heat, from ______ ______ _______.

Answer 17

Hot springs bacteria

Question 18

A cell takes in DNA from outside the cell and it becomes part of the cell’s DNA during _______.

Answer 18

Transformation

Question 19

Cell transformation was done in _______ experiment.

Answer 19

Griffith’s

Question 20

In Griffith’s experiment, harmless bacteria (R strain) took up genes from heat-killed harmful bacteria (S strain), transforming the R strain into _______ bacteria.

Answer 20

Harmful

Question 21

Griffith’s cell transformation experiment shows that bacteria can be transformed by placing them in a solution containing _______ molecules, although this cannot be done with other types of organisms.

Answer 21

DNA