Deck 6 Flashcards
treatment of HHS initially
aggressvie hydration with NS, IV insulin, potassium replacement
what is ADH like in adrenal insufficiency
it is often increased because cortisol suppresses it and so when there is low cortisol there is high ADH
when do you start fibrates for hypertriglyceridemia
> 500
how do you treat afib in the setting of hyperthyroidism
propanolol bc it also decreases the conversion of T4 to T3
what is the the pH of a person with salycilic poisoning
mixed acid-base bc there is respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation and acidosis from the salicylate inhibiting ox phos
what are distinguishing factors for being a confounding variable
the variable should be related to both the exposure and outcome
what is a case control study
this is when you have a disease group and a non disease group and compare their exposures to see what caused the disease
what is a cohort study
this is where you look at people with the risk factor and without and compare disease incidence
what is a murmur typically heard more in the first right rib
supravalvular aortic stenosis
why do patients get chest pain with exertion and aortic stenosis
due to increased myocaridal O2 demand from increased hypertrophy which decreases blood availability to the endocardium
what is AVNRT
this is atrio ventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
how to stop AVNRT initially
vagal maneuvers
what dx is associated with peripheral vision loss
glaucoma
what is alcoholic hallucinosis and when does it occur
this occurs after about 12 hours and can be hallucinations, tremulousness, and stable vital signs
cause of pericarditis after MI
immune mediated inflammation (dresler syndrome)
what infections cause granulomas in the lungs
histo, blasto, tb
treatment of hyperthyroid in severe thyrotoxicosis
you do Anti thyroid drugs and then beta blockers before you do radioactive therapy, you need to do these first to control ti
treatment of a hemodynamically stable pt in vtach
amiodarone
treatment of micobacterium avium complex
macrolide
adverse effect of beta 2 agonists
hypokalemia
clinical signs of hypokalemia
arrythmias, hyporeflexia, rhabdo, tremors
what drugs are -stigmines
achtycholinesterase inhibitors
when can you consider discontinueing anti seizure drugs
> 2 years seizure free
signs of orthostatic hypotension
feeling faint after standing from a sitting position
what should happen to your arterioles when you stand up to maintain blood pressure
they should contract, if they dont you get orthostatic hypotension
what to do for a patient with cough after URI
first gen antihistamine
when do you see hemorrhagic conversion strokes on CT
hours to days later
what causes cor pulmonale
pulmonary hypertensino
pentad of TTP
thrombocytopenia, MAHA, renal insufficiency, neuro changes, fever
treatment of TTP
plasma exchange
what is urine sodium like in SIADH
it is high because ADH is a natrietic peptide
volume status of SIADH patients
euvolumic
what is becks triad
muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypotention (from decreased CO)
what is the FENa/urine sodium in prerenal AKI
<2% and <20
when do you hear the HCM murmur
systolic
if you have a patient who has signs of ACS what should you give them immediately
aspirin
what is prolactin like in hypothyroidism
it can be elevated because TRH stimulates it
prolactin effect on FSH/LH
decreases it
what is the LAP score like in CML
low
what is the LDH criteria for lights exudate
Serum:pleural >0.6
transudative pleural fluid pH vs. exudative
transudate 7.4-7.55 // exudate 7.3-7.45
meniere disease signs
episodic vertico, sensorineuronal hearing los, tinnitus
signs of early neurosyphilis
meningitis, ischemic stroke, hearing loss, tinitis, uveitis
signs of late neurosyphilis
general paresis, tabes dorsalis
what does herpes keratitis look like
branched dendritic ulcerations
what is the rash like in disseminated gonnococcal infection
vescicular, pustular, or maculopapular
is PBC or PSC more associated with cholangioCA
PSC
which has antimitochondrial Abs PBC or PSC
PBC
what eye problem has a dark red glow on exam
vitroius hemorrhage
what gives you a cherry red spot on opthalmoscope
retinal artery occlusion
what is Na like in urine in prerenal
<20 because of decreased blood flow!!
what is acid base like in hepatorenal
metabolic acidosis
pathophysiology of pagets
osteoclast dysfunction
what cardiac etiologies cause pulsus paradoxus
cardiac tampenode and constrictive pericarditis
which has low DTR myasthenia or lambert-eaton
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