Deck 4

Question 1

painless lymphadenopathy

Answer 1

this is likely due to malignancy, autoimmune causes, or sarcoid

Question 2

signs of salicylate poisoning

Answer 2

tachypnea, elevated lactate, anion gap metabolic acidosis, confusion, hyperthermia

Question 3

difference in presentation of salicylate poisoning vs. carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 3

salicylate has hyperthermia and carbon monoxide is no hyperthermia

Question 4

treatment of legionella

Answer 4

fluoroquinolone or macrolide

Question 5

cause of kidney injury in a patient with acute liver failure due to cirrhosis

Answer 5

hepatorenal syndrome –> renal hypoperfusion

Question 6

treatment of pagets disease

Answer 6

bisphosphonates

Question 7

what is the normal stool osmotic gap

Answer 7

50-120

Question 8

what does it mean if the stool osmotic gap is low

Answer 8

this means the diarrhea is secretory

Question 9

what types of things cause secretory diarrhea

Answer 9

toxins, CF, unabsorbed bile acids

Question 10

are breath sounds increased or decreased in pneumonia

Answer 10

breath sounds are increased in pneumonia because sound travels faster in fluid than in air

Question 11

compare breath sounds in pleural effusion vs. pneumonia

Answer 11

in pleural effusion breath sounds are decreased because the fluid outside the lung acts as a barrier for the sound but in pneumonia the fluid consolidation increases the sound

Question 12

signs of cyanide poisoning

Answer 12

hyptertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, headache, cherry-red skin, elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis

Question 13

treatment of cyanide poisoning

Answer 13

100% O2, hydroxybobalamin

Question 14

what is an early test/abnormality that signals macular degeneration

Answer 14

distortion of straight lines that appear wavy, grid test

Question 15

effect of antiphospholipid antibodies on PT/PTT

Answer 15

antiphospholipid Abs increase PTT because they bind to the phospholipids in PTT tests which prevents coagulation

Question 16

does PTT change or improve iwth the addision of normal plasma in antiphospholipid syndrome

Answer 16

no it does not because its not a coagulation factor issue its an assay issue in which the autoAbs are binding to the reagents in the PTT assay

Question 17

presentation of acute ischemic colitis

Answer 17

sudden onset abdominal pain, sudden urge to defecate, cramping

Question 18

recurrent painless GI bleeding

Answer 18

angiodysplasia

Question 19

von willebrand levels in patients with aortic stenosis

Answer 19

decreased because the multimers get broken up when they go through the turbulent valve

Question 20

who gets angiodysplasia

Answer 20

CKD, von willebrand disease, aortic stenosis

Question 21

what does low cortisol do to eosiophil levels

Answer 21

eosinophilia

Question 22

evaluation of a patient with primary adrenal insufficiency

Answer 22

am cortisol, ACTH level, cosyntropin (ACTH stim test)

Question 23

Cl and bicarb relation in the kidney excretion

Answer 23

adequate chloride is needed to be delivered to the DCT to allow for bicarb excretion

Question 24

what is an infection of the medial canthus called

Answer 24

this is dacryocystitis

Question 25

urinalysis of acute interstitial nephritis

Answer 25

wbc casts, microscopic hematuria, sterile pyuria

Question 26

If a patient had normal PaCO2 but is hyperventilating what does this indicate

Answer 26

impending respiratory collapse, because there should be low Co2 when a patient is hyperventilating

Question 27

how do you get bacillary angiomatosis

Answer 27

from bartonella infection

Question 28

Who gets bacillary angiomatosis

Answer 28

ppl with cats, homeless people, HIV, immunocompromise

Question 29

maifestations of bacillary angiomatosis

Answer 29

vascular cutaneous lesions, systemic sx

Question 30

what endocrine abnormalities can cause recurrent pregnancy loss

Answer 30

thyroid disease, PCOS, DM, hyperprolactinemia

Question 31

what Abs are positive in Hashimotos

Answer 31

anti thyroperoxidase

Question 32

what is the most common bug that causes septic arthritis in prosthetic joints several months post op

Answer 32

staph epidermidis

Question 33

joint aspiration leukocyte count of infected prostetic joint

Answer 33

not as high as a native joint, 10k

Question 34

what is K like in DKA

Answer 34

typically elevated or normal becaues of osmotic diuresis

Question 35

what are total body K actually like in DKA

Answer 35

there is actually low K because of the osmotic diuresis

Question 36

non-anion gap metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia

Answer 36

renal tubular acidosis

Question 37

what is osler-webber-rendu syndrome

Answer 37

this is when you have widespread AVMs, recurrent epistaxis, and telangectasias

Question 38

methods to avoid ARDS in intubated patients

Answer 38

limiting alveolar distension, lowest feaseable FiO2 to avoid O2 toxicity, permissive hypercapnia (O2)

Question 39

signs of R sided heart failure

Answer 39

cirrhosis, JVD, pedal edema

Question 40

pulmonary complications of sickle cell disease

Answer 40

pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, asthma

Question 41

causes of R sided heart failure

Answer 41

pulm artery htn, pulmonic stenosis

Question 42

systemic symptoms with skin lesions, kidney dysfunction, joint pain and low complement

Answer 42

small vessel vasculitis

Question 43

what infection is associated with mixed cyroglobulinemia syndrome

Answer 43

hep C

Question 44

between multiple myeloma vs. waldenstrom which has hyperviscocity

Answer 44

waldenstrom

Question 45

what autoAbs are present in atrophic gastritis

Answer 45

Abs towards intrinisc factor and towards parietal cells

Question 46

what counts as acute liver failure

Answer 46

encephalopathy, coagulopathy INR >1.5, elevated LFTs

Question 47

management of acute liver failure

Answer 47

transplant