Deck 4 Flashcards
pH of exudative effusion
pH < 7.3- 7.45
Pleural fluid analysis in PE:
unilateral, bloody with normal glucose values and negative cytology
Ligation of which artery is recommended for refractory epistaxis
Sphenopalatine artery
Management for post-drowning with SpO2 of 90% despite using O2
Endotracheal intubation
signs of SVC syndrome
- headache that worsens when leaning forward
- engorged veins over chest
- swelling of head, neck and upper extremities
Management of penetrating trauma **hemo. unstable **
exploratory laparotomy
Features of foreign body aspiration
- **unilateral wheezing **
- acute cough
- sob
Managements of open pneumothorax (will have bubbling of blood)
- temporary: partially occlusive dressings
- permanent: chest tube
What to do if suspected asthma in pt is not improving with inhaler?
try a trial of PPI since cough can be caused by GERD
Tx for CAP with no comorbidities and no risk factors for drug-resitant bugs
- amoxicillin
- doxycycline
- macrolide (azithro)
next step in management of suspected **acute tonsilitis **
confirm before tx –> obtain throat culture
When to perform tracheostomy
- long term mechanical ventilation
- upper airway obstruction (mass in neck)
CURB-65
- C- confusion
- U- uremia (> 7)
- R- resp rate > 30
- B- BP of < 90 / < 60
- 65- > 65y/o
tx for CAP with >2 in curb-65
macrolide + cefotaxime
Marker of granulomatosis w. polyangitis
c-ANCA titers
what systems are involved in granulomatosis w. polyangiitis (GPA)
- vasculitis (palpable purpura)
- respiratory infections (sinusitis, nasal ulcers, hemoptysis)
- glomerulonephritis (RBC casts)
Tx of CAP in pregnancy
inpatient tx with azithromycin + ampicillin-sulbactam
How to know if viral sinusitis became a bacterial superinfection
watery nasal discharge becomes mucopurulent (yellowish) over the course of days
Tx of bacterial rhinosinusitis
amoxi-clav
what would happen if pt with left-sided pneumonia is turned to the left
increased perfusion of nonventilated alveoli –> increased A-a gradient
How is the A-a gradient in asbestosis?
Increased
Silicosis increases the risk of what infection?
M. tuberculosis (primary TB)
Galactomannan antigen is suggestive of:
Aspergillosis
MC bug for postviral bacterial pneumonia
Strep. pneumo
MC lung injury after trauma to chest
pulmonary contusion
How to determine if pt has pulmonary contusion?
pt respiratory distress worsens after being given fluids
What does deepening of costophrenic angle means in a intubated pt?
pt developed pneumothorax
Findings in asthma:
1. chest excursion
2. breath sounds
3. chest percussion
4. tactile frenitus
- chest excursion: symmetric
- breath sounds: decreased
- chest percussion: hyperresonant
- tactile frenitus: decreased
