Deck 3 Flashcards by Fraser Harding

What is Lean Six Sigma?
A) A process improvement method that combines elements of both Lean and Six Sigma.
B) A method for improving the efficiency of business processes.
C) A tool for analyzing data and identifying problems in a process.

A) A process improvement method that combines elements of both Lean and Six Sigma.

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What is a DMAIC process?
A) A tool for analyzing data and identifying problems in a process.
B) A method for measuring the performance of a process.
C) A structured approach for improving a process using data and statistical analysis.

C) A structured approach for improving a process using data and statistical analysis.

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What is a Lean methodology?
A) A process improvement method that combines elements of both Lean and Six Sigma.
B) A method for reducing waste and maximizing efficiency in business processes.
C) A tool for analyzing data and identifying problems in a process.

B) A method for reducing waste and maximizing efficiency in business processes.

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What is the purpose of the Six Sigma methodology?
A) To improve the efficiency of business processes.
B) To reduce waste and maximize efficiency in business processes.
C) To use data-driven decision making to identify and solve problems in a process.

C) To use data-driven decision making to identify and solve problems in a process.

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What is a Value Stream Map (VSM)?
A) A graphical representation of a process that shows the flow of material, information, and activities.
B) A tool for measuring the performance of a process.
C) A structured approach for improving a process using data and statistical analysis.

A) A graphical representation of a process that shows the flow of material, information, and activities.

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What is a Control Plan?
A) A plan for monitoring and maintaining the improvements made in a process.
B) A tool for analyzing data and identifying problems in a process.
C) A method for reducing waste and maximizing efficiency in business processes.

A) A plan for monitoring and maintaining the improvements made in a process.

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What is a Control Chart?
A) A graphical representation of a process that shows the flow of material, information, and activities.
B) A tool for monitoring and maintaining the improvements made in a process.
C) A chart used to track process performance over time and identify trends and patterns.

C) A chart used to track process performance over time and identify trends and patterns.

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What is a Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa Diagram)?
A) A tool for reducing waste and maximizing efficiency in business processes.
B) A diagram used to identify the root cause of a problem.
C) A graphical representation of a process that shows the flow of material, information, and activities.

B) A diagram used to identify the root cause of a problem.

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What is a Process Flow Diagram (PFD)?
A) A chart used to track process performance over time and identify trends and patterns.
B) A diagram used to identify the root cause of a problem.
C) A graphical representation of a process that shows the flow of material, information, and activities.

C) A graphical representation of a process that shows the flow of material, information, and activities.

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What is a Statistical Process Control (SPC)?
A) A method for reducing waste and maximizing efficiency in business processes.
B) A tool for monitoring and maintaining the improvements made in a process.
C) A statistical technique used to monitor and control a process by analyzing data.

C) A statistical technique used to monitor and control a process by analyzing data.

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When a process has been demonstrated to function at the Six Sigma level, it means that there are fewer than _ defects per million opportunities.

A. 2.6
B. 1.7
C. 3.4
D. 10

C. 3.4

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Six Sigma denotes a process in which at least 95% of its data points are within 6 standard deviations of the mean.

A. True
B. False

B. False

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Training costs $3,000, and a project requires a $20,000 initial investment. What is the payback period in months (before money costs and taxes) if the project produces monthly savings of $1,800 after 3 months?

A. 8.33
B. 4.17
C. 11.33
D. 28.28

C. 11.33

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A project’s ROI is a measurement metric that stands for Return on Investment and is one of the methods used to assess the success of a Lean Six Sigma project.

A. True
B. False

A. True

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The DMAIC problem-solving approach stands for Define, __, Analyze, Improve, and Control.

A. Memorize
B. Measure
C. Manage
D. Manipulate

B. Measure

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Voice of the Customer is a Lean Six Sigma technique for determining a product’s or service’s __ attributes.

A. Desirable
B. Beneficial
C. Critical-to-Quality
D. Preferred

C. Critical to quality

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Which of the following would be most concerned with benefits and working conditions?

A. Voice of the Customer
B. Voice of the Employee
C. Voice of the Process
D. Voice of the Business

B. Voice of the Employee

Y, the output, is the ___ variable in the expression Y = f(Xn), and Xn, the inputs, are the ___ variables.

A. Independent, dependent
B. Individual, multiple
C. Sole, multiple
D. Dependent, independent

D. Dependent, Independent

We attempt to determine the gaps in our processes between ‘what is’ and _____ when we assess the Voice of the Customer.

A. “What isn’t”
B. “What will make money”
C. “What will cost less”
D. “What should be”

D. “What should be”

Which of the following is unlikely to be a CTQ (Critical-to-Quality) for product purchase?

A. Durability
B. Functionality
C. Dependability
D. None

D. None

The Pareto Chart is a tool that displays data that usually follows what ratio?

A. 70:30
B. 80:20
C. 90:10
D. 95:5

B. 80:20

Al purchased a handheld GPS from his neighborhood electronics store. When he entered an address, it did not work. This would be classified as what type of cost for the GPS manufacturer.

A. Prevention Cost
B. Internal Failure Cost
C. External Failure Cost
D. Appraisal Cost

C. External Failure Cost

Which of the following is a method of expressing the concept that a process’s outputs are a function of all of its inputs?

A. Y = f(Xn)
B. Yield = Effort
C. RTY > 90%
D. Flow = Demand

A. Y = f(Xn)

When creating a Process Map, we would use the _ symbol to represent an action step in the process.

A. Ellipse
B. Circle
C. Diamond
D. Rectangle

D. Rectangle

A Belt has determined that the loan application does not need to be reviewed by accounting, allowing a loan processer to handle more applications. RTY improvement would be considered __ under Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) definitions. A. Downsizing savings B. Hard savings C. Soft savings D. Median savings

B. Hard savings

The following Business Case is properly constructed. ‘During the majority of 2008, Division 16 experienced a 4.2% product return rate, compared to a target of nearly no returns.’ This costs the company a lot of money. A. True B. False

B. False

The essence of Lean is to focus on _______ while improving process flow in order to achieve speed and agility at a lower cost. A. Defect removal B. Removing waste C. Rework reduction D. Overtime reduction

B. Removing waste

As Belt created a Process Map, he realized there were multiple departments involved in this process, so he added a feature called _ to the map. A. Department Dividers B. Swim Lanes C. Passing Lanes D. Responsibility Paths

B. Swim Lanes

One of the primary goals in developing and defining an LSS project is to reduce the__ A. Inventory B. Number of process steps C. Work force D. Cost of Poor Quality

D. Cost of Poor Quality

In an organization, the Value Chain is the sum of all the processes that occur in the business to take inputs and turn them into customer desired outputs. A. True B. False

A. True

What method aims to provide a rapid and efficient way of converting a manufacturing process from producing the current product to producing a different product? a. Kaizen Continuous Improvement b. Single Minute Exchange of Dies c. Six Sigma d. Value Stream Mapping

b. Single Minute Exchange of Dies

Why is the ‘One-Factor-at-a-Time’ (OFAT) approach inferior to the ‘Design of Experiments' (DOE) approach? a. Experiments are more complicated b. Expert knowledge is needed c. Results are difficult to interpret d. Interactions between factors are NOT revealed

d. Interactions between factors are NOT revealed

Which of the following elements should be included in a Control plan? 1. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis 2. Out-of-Control Action Plan 3. Product and process characteristics 4. Actions to minimise potential failures a. 1, 2, 3 b. 1, 2, 4 c. 1, 3, 4 d. 2, 3, 4

d. 2, 3, 4

Which type of ‘Customer Waste' is MOST likely to be the cause of an end product that fails to meet the customer's expectations? a. Delay b. Duplication c. Over-production d. Unclear communication

d. Unclear communication

Which documentation describes how to accomplish a specific task within a Quality Management System (QMS)? a. Statement of requirement b. Standard operation procedure c. Time and motion study d. Records and forms

b. Standard operation procedure

What is the Process Capability index (Cp) formula where USL is the Upper Specification Limit, LSL is the Lower Specification Limit and S is the standard deviation? a. Cp = (LSL - USL) / 3S b. Cp = (LSL - USL) / 6S c. Cp = (USL - LSL) / 3S d. Cp = (USL - LSL) / 6S

d. Cp = (USL - LSL) / 6S

Which is the philosophy shared by Lean and Six Sigma? a. Favour the values of the customer over those of the organization b. Always set out to win, at the expense of all others c. Enhance customer value to help an organization achieve its goals d. Focus on producing higher volumes of stock and sell them cheap

c. Enhance customer value to help an organization achieve its goals

Which is NOT one of the eight pillars within the TPM ‘House of Quality’? a. Focused improvement b. Training and education c. Quality maintenance d. Emergency planning

d. Emergency planning

Which is a focus of Operational Excellence? a. Increasing sales b. Customer needs c. Change management d. Management skills

b. Customer needs

Which is a principle of Lean? a. Reduce quality to increase profit b. Achieve the perfect demand stream c. Identify the value stream and eliminate waste d. Increase production with a reduced workforce

c. Identify the value stream and eliminate waste