Deck 2 Module 9 Infection Flashcards
An adolescent is diagnosed with cellulitis from picking the scabs on healing facial pimples. The mother scolds the child for eating too many oily foods that cause the acne. Based on this data, which topic is priority when providing education to the child and mother?
A) Antibiotics are the best way to prevent cellulitis.
B) Oily foods do not cause pimples or cellulitis.
C) Consumption of oily foods poses an increased risk for cellulitis.
D) Popping the pimples spreads the germs over the face.
B) Oily foods do not cause pimples or cellulitis.
Rationale: Foods do not cause acne and, therefore, cellulitis. Antibiotics are the best way to treat, not prevent, cellulitis. Popping pimples drives the infection deeper into the skin and may cause more serious infections.
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for an older adult client with cellulitis of the leg. What should the nurse teach the client and family regarding ways to prevent this health problem from occurring in the future?
A) “Keep the client off her leg as much as possible.”
B) “Bring the client to the doctor if there is a fall.”
C) “Maintain a healthy diet.”
D) “Do not allow the client to walk without assistance.”
C) “Maintain a healthy diet.”
Rationale: Older adult clients are susceptible to cellulitis, as their immune system and skin are compromised as they age. The best preventive measure to maintain skin integrity and a healthier immune system is good nutrition. Exercise is a good way to promote health, including walking. There is no data to support that the client needs assistance to ambulate. Cellulitis can occur on any part of the body, so preventing the client from using body parts, such as the legs, is not reasonable and does not prevent cellulitis. The nurse would instruct the family regarding signs and symptoms of developing cellulitis after a fall. It is not always necessary to bring the client to the doctor for a fall if no injuries were sustained.
The nurse is assessing clients in the eye clinic who have eye infections. For which client with conjunctivitis should the nurse be most concerned?
A) The client from Iran
B) The client from Brazil
C) The client from New York City
D) The client from Florida
A) The client from Iran
Rationale: Trachoma, a chronic form of conjunctivitis, is endemic in poor, undeveloped countries, especially where there are water shortages, numerous flies, and crowded living conditions. It can eventually cause blindness, so the nurse would be most concerned about the client from Iran. None of the other clients lives in an area where the disease is endemic.
The nurse is planning care for a client with conjunctivitis. Which client statement supports the nursing diagnosis of Risk for Altered Vision?
A) “I have had this infection for 3 days.”
B) “My mother is blind from retinopathy.”
C) “This is the fourth eye infection I have had in the last 6 months.”
D) “I think I caught the infection from my child.”
C) “This is the fourth eye infection I have had in the last 6 months.”
Rationale: The concern for this client is the repeated infections that could be a chronic form of conjunctivitis that causes eventual blindness. Having the infection for 3 days is concerning but not as much as the potentially chronic form of the disease. Many adults catch “pink eye” from a child, but that is not usually the form that causes blindness. The client’s mother has blindness from a source other than conjunctivitis.
The nurse is teaching a mother to administer ophthalmic ointment to her infant with conjunctivitis. The nurse determines that learning goals have been met when the mother performs which action?
A) Places the ointment on a swab and spreads it across closed eyelids.
B) Instills the medication to the lacrimal duct.
C) Uses sterile gauze to apply the ointment.
D) Applies the ointment directly to the conjunctival sac.
D) Applies the ointment directly to the conjunctival sac.
Rationale: The ointment is applied to the conjunctival sac, not the lids or lacrimal duct, and is applied directly from the medication tube or vial.
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with trachoma. When providing client education regarding this condition, the nurse will include which statements?
Select all that apply.
A) “This condition is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.”
B) “It is common in the United States.”
C) “It is the primary cause of preventable blindness worldwide.”
D) “Early symptoms include inflammation of the cornea.”
E) “The causative organism is usually Staphylococcus aureus.”
A) “This condition is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.”
C) “It is the primary cause of preventable blindness worldwide.”
Rationale: Early manifestations of trachoma include redness, eyelid edema, tearing, and photophobia. Small conjunctival follicles develop on the upper lids. The inflammation also causes superficial corneal vascularization and infiltration with granulation tissue. Scarring of the conjunctival lining of the lid causes entropion (inversion of the eyelid). The lashes then abrade the cornea, eventually causing ulceration and scarring. The opacity of the scarred cornea results in loss of vision. This condition is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, and is endemic in poor, undeveloped countries, especially where there are water shortages, numerous flies, and crowded living conditions. Trachoma is rarely seen in the United States except in Native Americans who live in the Southwest.
An older adult client is recovering in the intensive care unit (ICU) from septicemia. Which intervention will help prevent further infection for this client?
A) Foley drainage on the bed at the client’s feet
B) Oral and skin care
C) Turn, cough, and deep breathe q shift.
D) Sterile wound care
B) Oral and skin care
Rationale: Good oral and skin care will prevent breakdown and prevent entry by bacteria. In order to prevent skin breakdown and promote respiratory function, the client is turned at least every 2 hours. The Foley drainage bag is always kept below the level of the client’s bladder to prevent reflux. There is no evidence that this client has a wound.
