Deck 14_GI

Question 1

What are the types of stomatitis? also known as oral mucositis. a painful inflammatory condition affecting the oral mucosa, dentition and periosteum

Answer 1

• sores can be inside lips, cheeks and tongues
• appears on patients receiving chemo

Two kinds of primary stomatitis

1. herpes - cold sore
2. aphthosus stomatitis - canker sore

known risk factors- viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections, irritants (alcohol/tobacco/mouth wash), radiation therapy/chemo, allergies, metal, meds, vitamin deficiency, b complex, folate, zinc, iron and systemic disease (CKD/IBD)

• secondary:

related to a suppressed immune system and the most common type is caused by the candida albicans bacteria

Question 2

How do we treat peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 2

• Stop NSAIDS
• Antibiotic for H pylori
• HOB elevation with blocks
• DIET CHANGE: No chocolate or other acidic food
• PPI or H2 antagonist

Question 3

What are the nursing considerations for a patient undergoing and EGD and/or colonoscopy?

Answer 3

Nursing Considerations for a patient undergoing EGD

• Inform patient they will get a sedative before procedure
• NPO 6hrs before
• Post-Procedure protect airway.
• Keep patient on monitor
• If their RR is low, just try and wake them up

Nursing Considerations For a patient undergoing Colonoscopy

• Tell patient he must be on a clear liquid diet for 24hrs before the procedure
• @ 50 y/o Q10Y
• Can have referred pain from air being blown in colon

Question 4

What patient teaching is involved with patients who have hemorrhoids?

Answer 4

• Stay Hydrated
• Prevent Constipation
• Avoid straining when defecating
• Increase Fiber intake
• Use:

o Cold Packs
o Sitz baths

Question 5

What patient teaching should occur with patients with cholelithiasis?

Answer 5

Cholelithiasis: formation of gallstones (more commonly in women)

Patient teaching:​

• Diet: High fiber and Low Fats. No spicy or fried Food
• Lose weight: obesity causes increased fat which creates stones.
• estrogen may increase the risk of gallbladder disease
• Manage Diabetes

Question 6

What are the common signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 6

• Epigastric pain ULQ and radiates to the back or shoulder blades
• Pain is very sharp
• Pain with lying down
• Pain within minutes of eating food high in fat content
• Patients with alcoholic pancreatitis may not have symptoms of pain for several hours or days after binge drinking.

Question 7

How are the following body systems impacted by liver disease?

• Neuro:
• Skin,
• GI,
• GU,
• Hematologic

Answer 7

Examples of liver diseases:

• Diseases caused by viruses, such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C
• Diseases caused by drugs, poisons, or too much alcohol. Examples include fatty liver disease and cirrhosis.
• Liver cancer
• Inherited diseases, such as hemochromatosis and Wilson disease

Symptoms of liver disease:

Swelling of the abdomen and legs

• Bleeding
• Bruising easily
• Jaundice/Itching
• Changes in the color of stool and urine
• Hepaticencephalitis

(Hepatic encephalopathy is the brain’s neuropsychological experience with liver failure, due to the liver’s inability to properly rid the body of toxins in the blood stream. The buildup of toxins often causes people to report having a “foggy brain”, also known as “brain fog“)

Question 8

What signs and symptoms occur with cirrhosis of the liver?

Answer 8

• Ascites
• Portal hypertension with Esophageal varices
• LOC changes
• Coagulopathy
• Increased ammonia levels

Question 9

Somatitis Management

Answer 9

• Airway Management
• Dysphagia
• Xerostomia (Dry Mouth)