Deck 1:Introduction to organic chemistry Flashcards
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only.
Saturated hydrocarbon
A saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon with single bonds only.
Unsaturated hydrcarbon
Unsaturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds.
Aliphatic hydrocarbon
An aliphatic hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains.
Alicyclic hydrocarbon
An alicyclic hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure.
Functional group
A functional group is part of a organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions.
A homologous series
A homologous series is a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.
Alkanes
Alkanes are the homologous series with the general formula: CnH2n+2
Alkyl group
An alkyl group is an alkane with a hydrogen atom removed .e.g. CH3, C2H5 any alkyl group is often shown as R.
General formula
A general formula is the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series.
Displayed formula
A displayed formula shows the relative positioning of all the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them.
Structural formula
A structural formula shows the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
Skeletal formula
A skeletal formula is a simplified organic formula, with hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups.
