Decision Making FINALS 2 Flashcards
Benefits of Group decision-making
- The work of scientists who collaborate is superior to the work of scientists who work alone (Uzzi et al., 2013).
- Groups’ perceptions of other people are more accurate than individuals’ impressions (Ruscher & Hammer,2006).
- Teams of physicians making a diagnosis are more accurate than single physicians (Glick & Staley, 2007)
- Groups solve difficult logic problems faster than individuals, and when the members encounter similar problems later as individuals they outperform those who did not have a group learning experience (Maciejovsky et al., 2012).
TRUE OR FALSE. Groups solve difficult logic problems faster than individuals, and when the members encounter similar problems later as individuals they outperform those who did not have a group learning experience.
TRUE
A conceptual analysis of the steps or processes that groups generally follow when making a decision, based on the intended purpose of each step or process in the overall decision-making sequence.
ODDI process model
Meaning of ODDI process model
Orientation → Discussion → Decision → Implementation
A process model of group decision making suggests that groups engage in a sequence of activities, operations, and practices as they move from uncertainty to decisional conviction and that each step in the series serves some purpose.
ODDI process model
When group members convene to make a decision or solve a problem, they don’t just vote and then adjourn
ODDI process model
It requires not only setting specific, attainable goals, but also the review of the group’s overall mission, the problems it is dealing with and the decisions it must make, the results it intends to deliver, and the criteria it will use to evaluate the quality of its performance and results.
Goal clarification
identifying tasks and subtasks, organizing members’ roles and responsibilities, specifying how the members will work together, determining how the group will make its decisions, and setting milestones and deadlines.
Goal-path clarification
The tendency for individuals and groups to underestimate the time, energy, and means needed to complete a planned project successfully.
Planning fallacy
A task will expand to fill the time available for its completion.
Parkinson’s Law
The amount of time a group spends on discussing any issue will be in inverse proportion to the consequentiality of the issue.
Law of Triviality
The communication of information between two or more people undertaken for some shared purpose, such as solving a problem, making a decision, or increasing participants mutual understanding of the situation.
Discussion
A group’s collective memory is the shared reservoir of information held in the memories of two or more members of a group. Groups remember more than individuals, because groups draw on more memories that contain different types of information.
Memory
The enhancement of recall that occurs during group discussion when the statements made by group members serve as cues for the retrieval of information from the memories of other group members.
Cross-cuing
