debates & perspectives paper 2 Flashcards
three areas of socially sensitive research?
harm, stigma and political consequence
social sensitivity: social area?
milgram: psychological harm to ps
bocchiaro: no harm, stigma or political consequence
piliavin: ps could feel guilty for not helping, political consequences of having to help (france)
levine: no harm, stigma or political consequence
social sensitivity: cognitive area?
loftus & palmer: political consequences for eyewitness testimony, no harm/stigma
grant et al: no harm, stigma or political consequence
moray: no harm, stigma or political consequence
simons & chabris: no harm, stigma or political consequence
social sensitivity: developmental area?
bandura: could cause harm if children retain the behaviours learnt, political consequences (9pm watershed)
chaney: no harm, stigma or political consequence
kohlberg: saying that children from countries outside US develop slower morally could create stigma
lee: no harm, stigma or political consequence
positions of the ethical considerations debate?
being totally ethical and doing valid research
ethical considerations: social area?
milgram: yes deceit, yes harm, no informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, no right to withdraw
bocchiaro: no harm, yes deceit, no informed consent, yes right to withdraw, yes confidentiality, yes debrief
piliavin: possible harm, yes deceit, no informed consent, no right to withdraw, yes confidentiality, no debrief
levine: no harm, yes deceit, no informed consent, no right to withdraw, yes confidentiality, no debrief
ethical considerations: cognitive area?
loftus & palmer: no deceit, no harm, yes informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
grant et al: yes deceit, no harm, yes informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
moray: no deceit, no harm, yes informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
simons & chabris: yes deceit, no harm, no informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
ethical considerations: developmental area?
bandura: yes deceit, possible harm, no informed consent, no debrief, no confidentiality, no right to withdraw
chaney: no deceit, no harm, yes informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
kohlberg: no deceit, no harm, yes informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
lee: no deceit, no harm, yes informed consent, yes debrief, yes confidentiality, yes right to withdraw
reductionism?
process of studying and breaking down complex behaviours to focus on the influence of single factors
holism?
considers the interacting factors, assuming that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
reductionism/holism: social area?
milgram: reductionist, obedience is the result of an authority figures presence
bocchiaro: reductionist, obedience is the result of an authority figures presence
piliavin: more holistic as takes more than one factor into account that may affect helping
levine: more holistic as considers a variety of factors that may affect helping
reductionism/holism: cognitive area?
loftus & palmer: reductionist, only considers how one factor (verb) can affect a memory
grant et al: reductionist, only considers how one factor (noise) can affect recall and recognition
moray: reductionist, reduces attention down to simple dichotic listening task
simons & chabris: holistic, considers multiple factors that could affect visual inattention (type of unexpected event, level of task etc)
reductionism/holism: developmental area?
bandura: more holistic, as considered multiple factors that could affect a child’s imitation (sex of model, sex of child, type of model etc)
chaney: reductionist, only considered the model of spacer used on adherence to medical advice
kohlberg: reductionist, reduced complex scenarios into stories, and also complexities of moral development into a product of biological maturation
lee et al: more holistic, concluded that many factors could contribute to a child’s morality (culture, age)
free will?
humans are free to act as they choose and are responsible for their behaviour
determinism?
proposes that human behaviour is beyond our control and is controlled by outside factors such as genes or environment
