Death Of The Margaret Maid Of Norway

Question 1

Death of Maid of Norway - Why Scotland wanted the Treaty of Birgham

Answer 1

• The Guardians feared Edward would be able to undermine the Scottish Kingdom.
• At Birgham in 1290 they opened negotiations with him to seek guarantees Scotland would remain independent in the event of Margarets marriage to Edwards son.

Question 2

Maid of Norway - effects of Treaty of Birgham

Answer 2

• The Church allowed Scotland to remain ‘special Daughter’ status.
• Homage; no noble ‘Shall be forced to go to do homage’ so they did not owe loyalty to Edward
• ‘The Kingdom of Scotland shall remain separate and divided from the Kingdom of England by its rightful boundaries’.
• No one accused of a crime in Scotland would have their crime trialed under English law or out with Scotland.
• No taxation system in Scotland unless for the needs of Scotland

Question 3

Problems the Maid of Norway presented

Answer 3

• Margaret presented several problems for Scotland; Firstly, she was female the throne had never passed to a woman before.
  -Secondly, she was a child and couldn’t rule on her own.
  -Thirdly, she was in Norway so could not be enthroned officially so she had to be brought to Scotland.

Question 4

Death of Maid of Norway

Answer 4

• Maid of Norway dies in 1290 on the way to England from Norway when they were forced to anchor in Orkney.
• She was the end to the Royal house of Canmore meaning there was now no obvious successor to the Scottish throne.
• Invalidation of the Treaty of Birgham; her death put an end to the possibility of securing a stable Scotland through marriage with England where Edward would have ensured Scotlands prosperity as he would have some power over Scotland.

Question 5

effects of Death of Maid of Norway

Answer 5

Bishop of St Andrews wrote a letter to Edward in late October, informing Edward of the death of the Maid and the worry of civil war, the Bishop asked the King to come to the border in order to prevent war .
- Robert V de Brus Lord of Annandale writs the ‘Appeal of the 7 Earls’ in response to the Maids death, he claimed to be the rightful King and asked Edward for his support in Roberts claim to the throne.