de vries (2015) Flashcards
What is planning culture?
The collective ethos, dominant attitudes, and practices of planners regarding spatial planning and its role in shaping society.
What are institutions in the context of planning?
Formal and informal rules, norms, and structures that govern social and political interactions.
What is urbanization pattern?
The way cities and settlements develop, influenced by planning policies, historical trends, and societal attitudes.
What is the difference between politicized rationality and bureaucratic rationality?
Politicized rationality (Flanders) is short-term, clientelist decision-making, whereas bureaucratic rationality (Netherlands) is long-term, expertise-based decision-making
What is the key difference in urbanization between Flanders and the Netherlands?
Flanders has dispersed, ribbon development with suburban sprawl, while the Netherlands has compact, controlled urban growth.
How do the planning systems in Flanders and the Netherlands differ?
The Flemish system focuses on legal certainty, while the Dutch system is more strategic and adaptable.
Why is housing development different in Flanders vs. the Netherlands?
In Flanders, most housing is privately commissioned, while in the Netherlands, large developers and public housing play a significant role.
How does public trust in government affect planning effectiveness?
In the Netherlands, higher trust allows for stricter planning enforcement, while in Flanders, distrust leads to weaker planning control.
What are the four perspectives on planning culture?
Planning as a Cultural Phenomenon – Planning varies across cultures.
Planning Culture as a Sub-culture – Shared professional values shape planning.
Institutionalization of Planning – Planning is embedded in government structures.
Societal Culture & Planning – Broader cultural factors influence planning success.
What is the main argument of Friedmann (2005) regarding planning culture?
Planning is deeply rooted in cultural and institutional contexts and is not universal.
What does Hofstede’s (1980) cultural theory suggest about planning effectiveness?
Societal attitudes toward governance, uncertainty avoidance, and trust in institutions shape how planning functions.
Why is planning more effective in the Netherlands than in Flanders?
The Netherlands has a more bureaucratic planning approach, long-term vision, and structured development control, whereas Flanders’ politicized system leads to urban sprawl.
What role does land policy play in urbanization differences?
Dutch municipalities control land use and development, while in Flanders, private ownership and individual homebuilding dominate.
How do government practices affect planning success in both regions?
Dutch planners have more autonomy and long-term strategy, while Flemish planning is more reactive and politically influenced.
7 key variables to classify planning systems
- legal family context
- scope of the system
- national and regional planning
- locus of power
- public vs private sector roles
- maturity of the system
- goal outcome gap
