DDx And Causes Flashcards
Causes of Anterior uveitis
1) Psoriasis
2) Ankylosing spondylitis
3) Juvenile RA
4) Reiter’s syndrome
5) Fuchs heterochromic uveitis
6) Posner Schlossman syndrome
Causes of interstitial keratitis
1) TB
2) Leprosy
3) Sarcoidosis
4) Malaria
5) Filariasis
6) congenital syphilis
7) Cogans syndrome (not dystrophy)
Causes of band shaped keratopathy
1) hypercalcemic states
2) Hypervitaminosis D
3) chronic uveitis
4) chronic corneal ulcer
5) chronic corneal edema
6) Phthis bulbi
7) silicone oil in ant chamber
Risk factor of
Open angle vs closed angle glaucoma
Open angle. Closed angle
Hereditary. Hereditary
Age. Age
FEMALE
Myopia. Hypermetropia
Flat cornea
Platue iris configuration
Smoker. Emotional patient
Systemic disease. Rainy season
DM, thyroid, HTN
DDx of Blue sclera
1) Ehler danlos
2) Osteogenesis imperfecta
3) congenital glaucoma
4) diffuse scleritis
Causes of papilloedema
1) intraorbital __
infection (orbital cellulitis/ pseudotumor)
tumor (glioma)
retrobulbar hemorrhage
2) intracranial_ infection/ tumor/ hemorrhage
3) systemic_ hypertension, eclampsia, preeclampsia blood dyscrasias thyrotoxicosis vitamin intoxication steroid in toxication tetracycline intoxication
4) intraocular _ ocular hypotony (after surgery/ injury /chronic uveitis -ciliary body shutdown)
Causes of amaurosis fugax
Sudden painLESS loss of vision
bcoz of transient failure of retinal circulation
1) papilloedema
2) migraine
3) giant cell arteritis
4) hypertensive retinopathy
Amaurosis fugax can also be a cause of Hemarlopia (daytime blindness)
DDx of papilloedema
1) pseudopapilledema in Hypermetropia
2) Optic neuritis
3) Medullated nerve fibres
4) Optic nerve drusen
5) Pseudotumor cerebri
Causes of Toxic Amblyopia/ Drug induced neuropathy
C Chloroquine L Lead A Aspirin, Alcohol I Isoniazid, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen M Methanol E Ethambutol D Digitalis
T3 Tobacco
TAMOXIFENE
Thioridazine
Causes of optic neuritis
causes of neuroretinitis
1) multiple sclerosis (MC)
2) diabetes
3) SLE
4) viral
5) post immunization
1) Cat scratch disease (MC)
2) viral
3) post immunization
DDx of cherry red spot
Bee. Berlin’s edema(blunt trauma/commotio
retinae)
S Sialodosis, Sandoff disease T. Tay Sachs disease I. Ischemia in CRAO N. Neimann Pick disease G. Gangliosidosis
Causes of CME
1) Inflammation, uveitis, post surgery
2) DM
3) CRVO
4) PG analogue
DDx of night blindness (nyctalopia)
1) Xerophthalmia
2) Retinitis pigmentosa
3) Rod dystrophy
4) Pathological myopia
5) Late stages of primary open angle glaucoma
6) congenital stationary night blindness
7) Oguchi disease with Mizno phenomenon
(golden retina in day, normal pink in dark)
Syndromes ass with Retinitis pigmentosa
1) USHER syndrome (MC)
RP+ deafness
2) COCKAYNE syndrome
RP+ deafness+ intracranial calcification+
cataract+ keratopathy
+ Dwarfism
3) BASSEN KORNZWEIG syndrome
RP+ Mental retardation+ Growth retardation
+ Abetalipoproteinemia
4) BARDET BEIDEL syndrome
RP+ Mental retardation+ polydactyly
5) LAURENCE MOON syndrome
RP+ Mental retardation+ polydactyly+
spastic paraplegia
6) KEARNS SAYRE syndrome
RP+ cardiac conduction defect+
Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
Causes of Rhegmatogenous RD
1) high myopia (MC)
2) Age (lattice retinal degeneration)
3) Penetrating trauma
4) Post cataract surgery
5) Marfan syndrome
