DD - Glycolysis + Link Reaction Flashcards
What type of enzyme becomes active after binding of a cofactor? And what is the active enzyme called?
Apoenzyme
Holoenzyme
How do coenzymes function?
- Bind before the substrate
- Bind relatively tightly
- Change shape on substrate-binding
What does glycolysis require under aerobic conditions?
The continual supply of NAD+
What is the fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions?
PYRUVATE –> LACTATE
PYRUVATE –> ETHANOL
Both act to regenerate NAD+
How many ATP are produced, for every glucose molecule converted to lactate or ethanol, under anaerobic conditions?
2
Where does respiration occur in prokaryotic cells?
They do not have a nucleus or organelles, so occues in the cytoplasm and cell membrane
How does pyruvate enter the mitochondria?
Via Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carriers (MPC)
Where does the conversion of pyruvate –> acetate occur?
Mitochondrial Matrix
What type of reaction is the link reaction?
Oxidative Decarboxylation
What is CoA?
An acetyl carrying group to active sites
What are the 3 main steps involved in the oxidation of pyruvate?
- Decarboxylation occurs, releasing CO2
- NAD+ –> NADH
- An acetyl group is transferred to CoA
What main enzyme is present in the link reaction?
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
What 3 enzymes are present in this multi-enzyme complex (prosthetic group)?
E1- (TPP)
E2- (Lipomade and CoA)
E3- (FAD and NAD+)
What are 2 benefits of enzyme complexes?
- Speed up reactions
- Enzyme is prevented from taking place in any side reactions
