DD: Ethiopia MDGs

Question 1

What are the MDGs?

Answer 1

• They were targets set by the UN in 2000 - all UN member states agreed to try to achieve the goals by 2015

Question 2

What was the aim of MDGs?

Answer 2

• To improve life in LIDCs

Question 3

Name the 8 MDGs (simple)

Answer 3

1) Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2) Achieve universal primary education
3) Promote gender equality and empower women
4) Reduce child mortality
5) Improve maternal health
6) Combat disease
7) Ensure environmental sustainability
8) Develop global partnerships for development

Question 4

Name the 8 MDGs (complex)

Answer 4

1) Halve the number of people living in extreme poverty or suffering from hunger
2) Make sure that all children had a primary education
3) Increase the number of girls and women in education and in paid employment
4) Reduce the death rates in children under 5 by two-thirds
5) Reduce the death rates amongst women caused by pregnancy or childbirth by three-quarters
6) Stop the spread of major diseases, including HIV/AIDS and malaria
7) Protect the environment and make sure development was sustainable, while improving quality of life
8) Make sure that countries around the world worked together to help LIDCS develop

Question 5

How successful was Ethiopia in eradicating poverty and hunger?

Answer 5

• Not likely to meet goal
• Population living in poverty dropped from 49& to 29% in 2000
• Unemployment still high, but poverty should halve by the end of 2015
• 40% of children are malnourished
• 28% of the population are food insecure or lacking essential nutrients

Question 6

How successful was Ethiopia in achieving universal primary education?

Answer 6

• Likely to meet goal
• On track to meet this goal
• 96% of children now enrol in primary school (up from 50% in 1990)
• Literacy rate 36% showing quality of provision is not effective
• More males than females in school; very few females in secondary education

Question 7

How successful was Ethiopia in improving gender equality?

Answer 7

• Not likely to meet goal
• Representation by women in government risen to 22% from 2% in 2000
• Education gap is closing, 93% of girls in primary school from 43% in 2000
• Unemployment higher for women, women still in traditional roles (e.g. carrying water)

Question 8

How successful was Ethiopia in reducing child mortality?

Answer 8

• Likely to meet goal
• Reduced from 97/1000 to 45/1000 since 1990
• Malaria still accounts for 20% of deaths, diarrhoea another 20%
• 65% of children receive vaccinations
• Rural-urban divides (rural areas lag behind)

Question 9

How successful was Ethiopia in improving maternal health?

Answer 9

• Likely to meet goal
• Maternal mortality dropped 23% due to better before and after care
• 55% of women now receive access to contraception
• Still some social stigma around family planning
• Fewer forced pregnancies and average age of mothers is increasing

Question 10

How successful was Ethiopia in combatting disease?

Answer 10

• Not likely to meet goal
• HIV/AIDS pandemic has stabilised and new cases have declined, still 1.1 million adults living with HIV
• Malaria was leading cause of death but now 100% if population cab access a malaria net
• 89% of population live within 10km of a doctor but every doctor is shared by 3333 people

Question 11

How successful was Ethiopia in ensuring environmental sustainability?

Answer 11

• Not likely to meet goal
• Hydroelectric power has risen to 41% of energy
• Access to safe drinking water has risen to 69% (but waterborne disease still common)
• Urban areas have improved more rapidly
• Soil erosion and desertification due to drought and over-farming

Question 12

How successful was Ethiopia in developing global partnerships?

Answer 12

• Not likely to meet goal
• Food/ other aid contributes to 30-50% of total external assistance
• Still receiving $1500-2000 million in Official Development Assistance aid per year
• National debt is 21% of total GDP but has declined massively since peak of 155% GDP in 1995