day of

Question 1

types of memory T cells

Answer 1

Central memory T cells (TCM) traffic through lymphoid tissues while effector memory cells (TEM) circulate through peripheral tissues. Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are a newly identified subset of memory T cells that persist long-term in tissues without recirculating in the blood thus providing a first line of adaptive cellular defense

Question 2

Trm phenotype

Answer 2

The best character- ized TRM cells are CD8+ cells that express CD103 and CD69 [4]. CD103 (αE integrin chain) binds E-cadherin potentially promoting retention within epithelial tissues

Question 3

Differences in influenza correlates of protection with age

Answer 3

Influenza Antibody titers correlate up to age 50, compelling evidence that in elderly humans, CTL responses associated with granzyme B production correlate better with protection than does antibody

Question 4

keratin 6

Answer 4

marker of differentiating and proliferating keratinocytes in early wound healing

Question 5

how was the role of pDCs shown in wound healing?

Answer 5

In a tape strip skin injury model, mice depleted of either pDCs or IFNAR had delayed keratinocyte differentiation

Question 6

how does increasing skin stiffness affect pDC TLR9 activation?

Answer 6

Increasing skin stiffness decreases TLR9 responses in pDCs

Question 7

how does hypoxia affect pDC IFN I secretion?

Answer 7

increased hypoxia decreases TLR9 responsiveness in pDCs

Question 8

how does CXCL4 affect pDC sensing of tissue stiffness and hypoxia?

Answer 8

The lower levels of IFN I secretion following TLR9 ligation in pDCs are lost in the presence of CXCL4

Question 9

3 monogenic autoimmune examples

Answer 9

Autoimmmune polyendocrinopathy Syndrome (APS) (AIRE deficiency)

Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) (FAS deficiency)

IPEX (foxp3 deficiency)

Question 10

Minor histocompatibility antigens

Answer 10

polymorphic peptides derived from non-MHC proteins that can be presented by MHC to activate T cells and drive graft rejection

Question 11

Acute rejection

Answer 11

Graft loss between 5-90 days after transplantation
Effector cells: CD4 and CD8 T cells, macrophages
Increased expression of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and cytokines (IL-2, IFN, TGF)
Poor graft survival is associated with anti-MHC class II antibodies

Question 12

Chronic rejection

Answer 12

Multifactorial etiology, including antibody-mediated rejection, TGF causing fibrosis

Question 13

which T cell responses dominate organ graft rejection?

Answer 13

Host CD4+ T cells recognizing allopeptides bound 
to MHC class II dominate organ graft rejection.

Question 14

indirect evidence of graft vs tumor efficacy

Answer 14

Abrupt withdrawal of immunosuppression, or flare of GVHD induces complete remission in some patients with relapse after allo-BMT
Autologous BMT is associated 
	with higher risk of relapse
GVHD after BMT is associated 
	with lower risk of relapse
T cell depletion increases 
	risk of relapse, esp CML

Question 15

ILTC1s

Answer 15

TCR+NK1.1+ CD49ahi cells ‘‘type 1 innate-like T cells’

Ming found these to be IL-15 dependently expanded in cancer models. Exhibit Innate Cytotoxicity toward Tumor Cells

Also found a population of ILC1ls (ILC1-like cells)

These cells have high cytotoxic Granzyme B