Day 27 - IPv6 Addressing Flashcards by Houston Molinar

Q

What are some of the main benefits of IPv6 addressing?

A

Extended address space
Stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
Eliminates the need for NAT/PAT
Simpler header
Better mobility and security
Better transition strategies

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Q

How many octets is an IPv6 address?

A

16

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Q

IPv6 does not use __________ addresses

A

Broadcast

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Q

IPv6 uses these address types

A

Unicast
Multicast
Anycast

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Q

What are 6 types of IPv6 unicast address types?

A

Global unicast
Link-Local
Loopback
Unspecified address
Unique local
Embedded IPv4

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Q

What are the 2 types of IPv6 multicast addresses?

A

Assigned
Solicited Node

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Q

What type of IPv6 unicast address does this represent?

2000::/3

A

Global unicast

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Q

What type of IPv6 unicast address does this represent?

FE80::/10

A

Link-Local

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Q

What type of IPv6 unicast address does this represent?

::1/128

A

Loopback

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Q

What type of IPv6 unicast address does this represent?

::/128

A

Unspecified address

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Q

What type of IPv6 unicast address does this represent?

FC00::/7

A

Unique local

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Q

What type of IPv6 unicast address does this represent?

::/80

A

Embedded IPv4

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Q

A __________ __________ uniquely identifies an interface on an IPv6 device

A

Unicast address

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Q

Much as with IPv4, source IPv6 addresses must be what?

A

Unicast addresses

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Q

True or False: An IPv6 address is not globally unique

A

False

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Q

An IPv6 global unicast address consists of a __________ global routing prefix

A

48 bit

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Q

How many bits is the subnet ID in an IPv6 address?

A

16

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Q

How many bits is the host/interface portion of an IPv6 address?

A

64 bits

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Q

What is the 3 1 4 rule in regards to IPv6 addresses?

A

3 hextets for global routing prefix
1 hextet for the subnet ID
4 hextets for the host/interface portion/ID

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Q

What block do ISP’s usually assign companies in regards to IPv6 global unicast addresses?

A

/48

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Q

What is normally the global routing prefix size for a regional internet registry?

A

/23

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Q

What is normally the global routing prefix size for an ISP?

A

/32

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Q

What is the subnet prefix for an IPv6 address?

A

/64

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Q

An IPv6 interface can be configured with multiple what?

A

Global unicast addresses

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If an IPv6 interface is configured for multiple global unicast addresses, do they all have to be on the same subnet?

No

Either way an IPv6 interface is configured (to have a global unicast address or not) it must always have a what?

Link-local address

What two main configuration options are there for configuring global unicast addresses?

Manual and Dynamic

What configuration options are there for a manual global unicast address?

Static address IPv6 numbered EUI-64

What description does this fit in regards to configuration options for manual and/or dynamic global unicast addresses: Much as with IPv4, the IPv6 address and prefix are statically configured on the interface

Static configuration

What description does this fit in regards to configuration options for manual and/or dynamic global unicast addresses: This prefix is configured manually. This process uses the MAC address to generate the 64 bit interface/host ID

EUI-64

What description does this fit in regards to configuration options for manual and/or dynamic global unicast addresses: Much as with IPv4, an interface can be configured to use the IPv6 address of another interface on the same device

IPv6 unnumbered

What description does this fit in regards to configuration options for manual and/or dynamic global unicast addresses: This determines the prefix and prefix length from neighbor discovery router advertisement messages and then creates the interface/host ID using the EUI-64 method

SLAAC (Stateless address autoconfiguration)

What description does this fit in regards to configuration options for manual and/or dynamic global unicast addresses: Much as with IPv4, a device can receive some or all of its addressing from this type of server

DHCPv6

Link-Local addresses are a type of __________ address

Unicast

Link-Local addresses are confined to a __________ __________?

Single link

Link-Local addresses can be configured in three ways, which are?

Dynamically, using EUI-64 Using a randomly generated interface ID Statically, entering the link-local address manually

What is the IPv6 address range for link-local addresses?

FE80::/10 - FEBF::/10

This type of IPv6 unicast address contains all zeros except for the last bit which is a 1

Loopback address

Before a device can begin using it's link-local address, it sends out an __________ __________ __________ to all devices on the link with it's new address as the destination. If the device receives a response, it knows that the link-local local address is __________ __________ and needs to create another one.

All nodes multicast In use

IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are not __________

Compatible

__________ is required to translate between IPv6 and IPv4 addresses

NAT64

Along with unicast, __________ is the second major classification of IPv6 address types

Multicast

IPv6 multicast addresses have what address and prefix?

FF00::/8

An IPv6 multicast address defines a group of devices known as a what? This is equivalent to IPv4's 224.0.0.0/4

Multicast group

What are the two types of IPv6 multicast?

Assigned multicast Solicited-node multicast

Assigned multicast addresses are used in context with __________ __________

Specific protocols

What two common IPv6 multicast groups are there?

All nodes multicast (FF02::1) All routers multicast (FF02::2)

In addition to every unicast address assigned to an interface, a device has a special multicast address known as what?

Solicited node multicast address

How are solicited node multicast addresses created?

By using a special mapping of the devices unicast address with the solicited node multicast prefix

Solicited node multicast addresses are used for two essential IPv6 mechanisms for Neighbor Discovery Protocol. What are those essential mechanisms?

Address resolution Duplicate address detection (DAD)

A packet sent to an anycast address is routed to the __________ __________ configured with that anycast address

Nearest device

An anycast address can be ___________ to more than one device or interface

Assigned

How could you rewrite this IPv6 Address? 2001:0DB8:0000:0001:0000:0000:0000:0001

2001:db8:0:1:0:0:0:1 OR 2001:db8:0:1::1

What does a double colon (**::**) in an IPv6 address represent?

It means there were successive 0 hextet fields in the IPv6 Address

How many double colons can you have in an IPv6 address?

1

Rewrite 2001:0db8:0001:0002:0000:0000:FFE8:0001 to shorthand

2001:db8:1:2::ffe8:1

What type of communications would Link Local Addresses be used for?

Routing Protocol Hello Packets and Updates

What type of IPv6 Address is this? 2001:DB8:0:1::1

Global Unicast Address

Convert this IPv6 Shorthand Address to Full Long Hand fe80::1

fe80:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001

How many subnets would a normal /64 network be able to use?

65,535

What is the subnet hextet in this IPv6 address? 2001:db8:FF01:0001::1

0001

How would you subnet in a small to medium sized business?

Increment the least significant bits of the subnet ID and assign /64 subnets to your networks Example: 2001:db8:a:0001::/64 2001:db8:a:0002::/64 2001:db8:a:0003::/64 etc...

What is IPv6's version of ARP?

Neighbor Discovery

What version of OPSF supports IPv6?

OSPFv3

What two major transition strategies are currently used to migrate to IPv6?

Dual-Stacking Tunneling

Solve for definition: In this transition strategy integration method, a node has implementation and connectivity to both an IPv4 and an IPv6 network. This is the recommended option and involve running IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time

Dual-Stacking

Solve for definition: This is a method used for transporting IPv6 packets over IPv4 only networks by encapsulating the IPv6 packets inside IPv4.

Tunneling

Solve for definition: These are sent by routers to announce their presence and provide essential network configuration parameters to hosts on the network. These include information such as the network prefix, flag indicating whether stateful DHCPv6 should be used, and the router's link-layer address.

Router advertisements

Solve for definition: Hosts use these messages to discover routers on the network. When a host starts up or joins a network, it sends this type of message to the all-routers multicast address (ff02::2) requesting router configuration information.

Router solicitation

What is the difference between IPv6 numbered and IPv6 unnumbered?

In a numbered interface configuration, each network interface is assigned a unique and specific IPv6 address. In an unnumbered interface configuration, multiple interfaces share a common IPv6 address. This address is often associated with a loopback interface or another central interface on the device.

FF02::5 and FF02::6 are used as ____ multicast addresses

OSPF

For EIGRP neighborship, what kind of addresses are used?

Link-Local