Day 1 Definitions

Question 1

Define Isotopes

Answer 1

Atoms of the same element but with different mass number.
Their chemical characteristics remain the same.
3000known that are stable. Over 500 are radio active or unstable

Question 2

Define Ions

Answer 2

Any atom or molecule which has a resultant electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons that obit near the outer shell of the atom. (Valence)

Question 3

Define Ionization

Answer 3

Is the process of adding or removing electrons from atoms or molecules. Both x-ray & gamma are ionizing radiation. Alpha particles and neutrons because of their heavy mass cause more radiation than X-rays,gamma, and beta particles.

Question 4

Define Ion Pairs

Answer 4

Ion pairs are formed from a neutral atom or molecule by the action of radiation, or any other agency that supplies energy. They consist of a positive ion and negative ion having charges of the same magnitude.

Question 5

Define Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 5

No weight or rest mass, travels through free space in a straight line at the speed of light. Both X-Ray and Gamma are types of electromagnetic energy. As well as heat, light and radio waves. Differences is their frequency and wavelength

Question 6

Define Atomic Number

Answer 6

Total number protons located in the nucleus of an atom. This number never varies and gives the atom its unique definition

Question 7

Define Mass Number/Atomic Weight

Answer 7

The total number of protons and neutrons located in the nucleus of the atom. Number of neutrons can vary depending on the element.

Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass/weight number to get neutrons.

Question 8

Ionizing action of X-rays produce what affects

Answer 8

Cause certain materials to fluoresce.

Produce Chemical effects

Cause biological effects such as the deterioration or destruction of living cells

When a gas is bombarded by radiation, it ionizes and becomes an electrical conductor. this is the principle of ionization detectors