Day 1 (11/5) Flashcards
When sun
4.7 bya
When earth
4.6 bya
When life
3.5
When Cambrian Explosion
550 mya
What was important about the Cambrian Explosion
major diversification of animal life
What kind of fossils found in Cambrian Explosion
teeth and shells etc… things that fossilize well
When Paleozoic
542-251 mya
What were the first vertebrates and when
Fish, 485 mya
When vertebrates on land
375 mya
When limbs and lungs developed
350 mya
What is the Mesozoic known for
Age of the dinosaurs
when Mesozoic
250-66 mya
When were the earliest mammals
230 mya
In what era did the earliest mammals appear
Mesozoic (dinosaurs era)
What is another name for the Cenozoic era
Age of Mammals
When first primates
55 mya
When first apes
25 mya
When first hominins
6 mya
What do hox genes do
determine the basic body plan
how old are hox genes
about 500 myo
true or false: we see the same hox genes in all vertebrates
true, which is why we see so much homology across vertebrates
True or false: the vertebrate body plan is not incredibly conserved
false. due to having the same hox genes, the vertebrate body plan IS incredibly conserved
true or false: the heads of all vertebrates are built from the same parts
true
what did lungs start as
air bladders in fish
What bodily system do human lungs develop within
digestive system. this is why we breathe where we eat
True or false: hox genes do not determine basic limb plan
false. Hox genes DO determine basic limb plan
name four characteristics of mammals
hair, warm-blooded, nurse their young, live birth
where are the best fossil sites found
water banks (because coverage with sediment)
What is the Olduvi gorge
an area where the earth is ripping apart at the surface, and we can look inside the “tear” and find a lot of fossils
What is the name of the fossil site that has fluctuating lake levels
Dmanisi, Georgia
In radiometric dating, what does Potassium 40 go to and how long does decay take
Potassium 40 –> argon 40, millions of years
In radiometric dating, what does carbon 14 go to and how long does decay take
Carbon 14 –> Nitrogen 14, 50k years
In what epoch in earth’s history did the earth reach a thermal maximum
Eocene
how long until the sun would engulf the earth
5 million years
Name the 7 epochs within the cenozoic era
Paleocene (65.5-55.8 mya)
Eocene (55.8-33.8 mya)
Oligocene (33.9-23 mya)
Miocene (23-5.3 mya)
Pliocene (5.3-2.4 mya)
Pleistocene (2.4-12 kya)
Holocene (12 kya - now)
Paleocene time range
65.5 - 55.8 mya
Eocene time range
55.8 - 33.9 mya
Oligocene time range
33.9 - 23 mya
Miocene time range
23-5.3 mya
Pliocene time range
5.3-2.4 mya
Pleistocene
2.4 mya - 12 kya
Holocene time range
12 kya - now
Paleocene early primate-like mammal
Plesiadapiforms
Describe Plesiadapiforms
no post-orbital bar or closure, claws instead of nails, diastema (gap between teeth)
What were the two earliest primates and what epoch were they in
Adapids and Omomyids, Eocene
Describe Adapids and Omomyids
post orbital bars, first found in N. America, stereoscopic vision (forward-facing), nails instead of claws
in what epoch were the first non debateable anthropoids
Oligocene
What is an anthropoid
apes and monkeys
What is the monkey found in the Oligocene
Aegytopithecus
How does the Carpolestes simpsoni fossil challenge nocturnal visual predation model
it had grasping hands and feet but no stereoscopic vision
Name the two specific anthropoids from class and features of both
Eosimias sinensis (tarsals and 2133), Darwinius masillae (no grooming claw)
