Dates for Cosmetology

Question 1

Egyptians used minerals insects and berries to create makeup for their eyes, lips, and skin. Henna was used to stain their hair and nails

Answer 1

3000 BC

Question 2

Many tribes in Africa colored their hair with red earth and wore elaborate hairstyles and head dressing as a symbol of stature

Answer 2

2630 BC

Question 3

Chinese aristocrats rubbed a tinted mixture of gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax, and egg whites onto their nails to color them crimson or ebony

Answer 3

1600 BC

Question 4

Queen Nefertiti stained her nails red by dipping her fingertips in henna, wore lavish makeup designs, and used custom blended essential oils as signature scents

Answer 4

1400 BC

Question 5

Throughout the Chinese Chou dynasty, gold and silver were the royal colors

Answer 5

1100 BC

Question 6

Marcel Grateau (AKA Francois Marcel) invented the first curling iron– Gas burner-heated tongs. About __ he created an electric version

Answer 6

1872 and 1923

Question 7

Motion Picture viewers saw pictures of celebrities with flawless complexions, beautiful hairstyles, manicured nails, and standards of feminine beauty began to change

Answer 7

1900”s

Question 8

Charles Nessler invented a heavily wired machine that supplied electrical current to metal robs around which hair strands were wrapped

Answer 8

1906

Question 9

Max Factor began making and selling makeup to movie stars that wouldn’t cake or crack, even under hot studio lights

Answer 9

1908

Question 10

Sarah Breedlove became known as Madame C.J. Walker and sold Madame Walker’s Wonderful Hair Grower. She moved her company to Indianapolis where she built a factory, hair salon, and training school

Answer 10

1910

Question 11

Max Factor created pancake makeup to make actors’ skin look natural on color film

Answer 11

1935

Question 12

Arnold F. Willat invented the cold wave that used no machines or heat. The cold wave is considered to be the precursor to the modern perm

Answer 12

1938

Question 13

Scientists developed another method of permanent waving that used waving lotion. Because this perm did not use heat, it was also called a cold wave

Answer 13

1941

Question 14

Vidal Sassoon turned the hairstyling world on its ear with his revolutionary geometric cuts

Answer 14

1960’s

Question 15

Hair color became gentler allowing all ethnicities to enjoy being blonds, brunettes, and redheads

Answer 15

1990’s

Question 16

Creative nail design introduced the first spa pedicure system to the professional beauty industry

Answer 16

1998

Question 17

Spas hit their strides as big business. According to the International Spa Association (ISPA) comsumers spen $14.2 billion in about 15,000 destination and day spas

Answer 17

1999

Question 18

According to a Vance Research Services’ study of 1,500 salon owners, 30% of salons used a computer for business while at work and 44% used it for business at home. 65% of respondents had home internet access, while just 17% had it in their salons

Answer 18

2000

Question 19

Sebastian International introduced the first consumer oriented DVD to the professional salon industry in order to speak directly to the comsumer

Answer 19

2003

Question 20

During the Golden Age of Greece, hairstyling became a highly developed art. Greek women applied preparations of white lead onto their faces, kohl around their eyes, and vermillion upon their cheeks and lips

Answer 20

500 BC

Question 21

Queen Cleopatra took dedication to beauty to an entirely new level by erecting a personal cosmetics factory next to the Dead sea.

Answer 21

50 BC

Question 22

Persian physician and alchemist, Avicenna, refined the process of steam distillation. This ushered in the modern era of steam-distilled essential oils that we use today

Answer 22

AD 1000

Question 23

To preserve the health and beauty of the skin, women used beauty masks and packs made from honey, egg, milk, oatmeal, fruits, vegetables, and other natural ingredients

Answer 23

1837-1901

Question 24

Madame Walker organized a convention for her Madam C.J. Walker Hair Culturists Union of America. This was one of the first national meetings for businesswomen ever held

Answer 24

1917

Question 25

The cosmetics industry grew rapidly. Advertising expenditures in radio alone went from $390,000 in 1927 to 3.2 million in 1930

Answer 25

1920’s

Question 26

The preheat perm method was introduced. Hair was wrapped using the croquignole method. Clamps, preheated by a separate electric unit, were then placed over the wound curls

Answer 26

1931

Question 27

Chemist Ralph L. Evans and Everett G. McDonough pioneered the first machineless permanent wave

Answer 27

1932

Question 28

Charles Revson of Revlon fame marketed the first nail polish

Answer 28

1932

Question 29

Lawrence Gelb, a New York Chemist, introduced the first permanent hair color product and founded a company called Clairol

Answer 29

1932

Question 30

French hairdressers introduced the art of hair weaving using aluminum foil

Answer 30

1970’s

Question 31

Iconic hairdresser Trevor Sorbie opened his first salon in Covent Garden, England

Answer 31

1979

Question 32

Makeup went full circle, from barely there to heavily made-up “cat-eyes” and the heavy use of shadows and blush. Also, the salon industry evolved to include day spas, a name that was first coined by beauty legend Noel Decaprio

Answer 32

1980’s

Question 33

Farouk Sami invented the world’s first ammonia free hair color

Answer 33

1985

Question 34

The first year the North American Hairstyling Awards was held

Answer 34

1989

Question 35

Most salons had their own websites and used email to communicate. Point-of-sale software and computerized appointment scheduling were in widespread use

Answer 35

2005

Question 36

Hair color became the largest hair care category in terms of in-salon, back bar, and take-home color refresher product sales. The green movement takes off in salons, with many positioning themselves as eco salons and spas striving for sustainability. In April, the first American television reality-competition show for salons, Shear Genius, debuted

Answer 36

2007

Question 37

There was an explosion in salons using social networking sites to do business. Twitter, which was introduced in March 2006, became the next big thing in social networking with clients

Answer 37

2008

Question 38

Many beauty manufacturers had mobile versions of their websites. Access to instant online technical education and color formulas became common

Answer 38

2009

Question 39

A Questex or American Salon Better Business Network Survey found that 72.7% of salons in the U.S. offer complimentary Wi-Fi to clients

Answer 39

2013