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AP Euro > Dates exam flashcards > Flashcards

Dates exam flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

1789- - present

A

Modern Europe

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2
Q

14th century -1527

A

The Italian renaissance starts - Europe starts to modernize, ex - Individualism, humanism, realism and secularism

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3
Q

1500 or aka 16th century

A

The price revolution was the cause of inflationary preasures in this era caused by the growing population after the end of the black death

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4
Q

1492

A

columbus sailed the ocean blue, -Columbus sailed the ocean blue marking the beginning of Spanish colonization in the New World during the Era of Exploration, Expansion and Exploitation.

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5
Q

1498

A

The great Roman Catholic Zoalot savonavola is burned to the stake following his attempt to rid Florence of the excesses of Renaissance materialism. This is emblematic of the failure of the Latin church to examine the abuses

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6
Q

1516

A

Erasmus, “The Prince of humanists” is an example of the Northern Christian humanists. He publishs his “Praise of folly”, which critizies the church abuse and corruption

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7
Q

1200-1700

A

Witchcraft craze in Europe as Superstition and fake news is rapid during the era of religious wars - especially in the reformation era

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8
Q

1453-1485

A

War of the Roses in England—Civil War in England—the Tudors arrive on the throne: Henry VIII, “Bloody Mary” and “The Virgin Queen” were all Tudors.

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9
Q

1452

A

Gutenberg publishes the Bible on a printing press–1st Printing press in the West. Along with the use of the vernacular, this makes literacy increase.

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10
Q

1453

A

-Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks ends the Byzantine Empire and Moscow becomes the “3rd Rome ‘’ for Eastern Orthodox Christians.

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11
Q

1469

A

Marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile begins the process of Spanish unification.

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12
Q

Also 1492

A

”RECONQUISTA” or “reconquest” of Spain is completed by the Roman Catholic monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella who began the expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain; beginning of Spanish policy of religious orthodoxy.

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13
Q

1513

A

Machiavelli published The Prince, an illustrative example of realism and secularism in the Renaissance.

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14
Q

1516

A

Erasmus, “The Prince of Humanists”, an example of the Northern Christian Humanists

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15
Q

1200-1700

A

Witchcraft craze in Europe as superstition and “fake news” is rampant during the Era of Religious Wars!!!!—Especially potent during the Reformation Era!!!

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16
Q

1500 or 16th century

A

Price Revolution were the inflationary pressures in Europe during this era. caused by growth in population as Europe recovers from the Black Death of the 14th century.

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17
Q

1498

A

The great Roman Catholic zealot Savonarola is burned at the stake following his attempt to rid Florence of the excesses of Renaissance materialism. This is emblematic of the failure of the Latin Church to examine the abuses

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18
Q

1517

A

Protestant Reformation Begins as Luther posts his Ninety-Five Theses.

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19
Q

1521-1648

A

Era of Religious Wars in Europe.

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20
Q

1524-26

A

German Peasants’ Revolt inspired by Protestant Reformation ends in failure as the princes/aristocrats reassert serfdom in the Holy Roman Empire

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21
Q

1527

A

Sack of Rome is usually used to mark the “end” of the Italian Renaissance and the transfer of the center of Europe from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.

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22
Q

1529

A

The Ottoman Turks lay siege to Vienna thereby distracting the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V (remember the “repeating map”) from prosecuting his war against the rebellious Lutherans within his empire.

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23
Q

1530s

A

Henry VIII of England is an example of the “New Monarchs” who take power away from the nobility by:
centralizing taxation with the establishment of monarchical bureaucracies,
monopolization of force within a nation,
creation of Royal Courts.

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24
Q

1492-1800

A

Slave trade increases dramatically

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25
Q

1517-1648

A

Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation:

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26
Q

1534

A

Protestantism comes to England as Henry VIII seeks a divorce and establishes a state controlled Church of England (a.k.a. Anglican Church)

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27
Q

1536

A

John Calvin begins working to reform the city of Geneva

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28
Q

1540

A

Council of Trent meets to decide how to reform the Catholic Church.

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29
Q

1546-55

A

schmalkaldic Wars batter Germany.

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30
Q

1555

A

Peace of Augsburg ended the civil wars in Germany round I with the recognition of Lutheran Protestant Christianity but not Calvinist Protestant Christianity.

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31
Q

1556

A

he Hapsburg lands are split between Philip II of the Spanish Branch and Ferdinand I of the Austrian branch.

32
Q

1553-1558

A

Bloody Mary’s” attempts to re-Catholicize England backfires when the burning of over three hundred Protestants proves to rather unpopular.

33
Q

1567

A

Dutch Wars of Independence and Religion against Philip II.

34
Q

1562-1598

A

Edict of Nantes gives French Huguenots religious rights ending the French Wars of Religion

35
Q

1588

A

The Spanish Armada Fails in Its Crusade Against Protestant Elizabethan England–

36
Q

1598

A

Philip II “The Most Catholic Monarch’’ of Spain dies.

37
Q

1603

A

Stuarts Family Comes to Power in England and Begins a Century of Political and Religious Conflict

38
Q

1628

A

he English Parliament passes the Petition of Right against the wishes of Charles I.

39
Q

1639-1646

A

English Civil War round I erupts

40
Q

1648-58

A

Puritanical Protestant Oliver Cromwell rules over the “Commonwealth Period” in English history.

41
Q

1649 1

A

Charles I is executed.

42
Q

1649 2

A

A group of English Radicals called Levelers demand equal suffrage.

43
Q

1651

A

Thomas Hobbes publishes Leviathan in opposition to the English Civil War and supporting SECULAR ABSOLUTISM

44
Q

1660-1688

A

stuart Restoration in England.

45
Q

1688, 1689-

A

Glorious Revolution and Bill of Rights

46
Q

1688

A

John Locke publishes his Second Treatise on Government,

47
Q

1618

A

Defenestration of Prague Begins Round Two of Religious and Civil War in HRE

48
Q

1648

A

Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years War

49
Q

1598-1661

A

17th century France following the Edict of Nantes

50
Q

1650s

A

Cardinal Mazarin who ruthlessly employs “divide and conquer” methods against the rebellious nobility quells The French Fronde, or rebellion against the authority of the King.

51
Q

1661-1715

A

-Louis XIV assumes personal direction of his affairs and begins his reign as the “Sun King”.

52
Q

1543

A

Copernicus challenges the Aristotelian view of the universe. Followed by Brahe, Keppler, Bruno, Galileo, Newton.

53
Q

1642

A

Galileo dies and Newton is born indicating the growing and evolving Scientific Revolution.

54
Q

17th century

A

Known as the Century of Genius as Bacon, Descartes lead the path toward a greater understanding of the universe—Scientific Revolution—let us not forget Pascal who worried about science without ethics.

55
Q

1687

A

Newton publishes “Principia”—proving heliocentric theory using calculus.

56
Q

1652

A

The master artist Rembrandt of Holland is symbolic of the glory days of the Dutch state when he depicts the glories of Dutch culture in his painting recognizable by their sharp contrast between light and dark.

57
Q

1650-1700

A

Golden Age of Holland and Sweden

58
Q

1492- mid 19th century

A

century—Slave trade makes many a Christian extremely wealthy.

59
Q

1683

A

Ottoman Turks laid siege to Vienna before Leopold I, Habsburg ruler begins to push the Turks back through the Danube River basin marks the slow decline of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans Peninsula.

60
Q

1450-1650 and beyond

A

The Era of Enlightenment or Age of Reason

61
Q

1776

A

Adam smith publishes wealth of Nations

62
Q

1712-1778

A

Jean-Jacques Rousseau must be recognized as the link between the Enlightenment and the Romantic Era.

63
Q

1689

A

-English Bill of Rights is passed assuring Parliament’s control over taxation and asserting the English tradition of constitutionalism

64
Q

1701-1713

A

Wars of Spanish succession

65
Q

1713

A

Treaty of Utrecht ends the War of Spanish Succession benefits the English, Prussians, and other members of the Grand Alliance opposing the “Sun King.”

66
Q

Early 18th Century in England

A

-Walpole becomes leader of government as de facto Prime Minister as England develops Party Politics

67
Q

1698-1725

A

-Peter the Great Begins Westernization of Russia.

68
Q

1700-1721

A

Great Northern War between Swedes and Russia ends with Russian expansion and emergence as the Great Baltic power.

69
Q

1713 2

A

The Pragmatic Sanction is signed.

70
Q

1740

A

Frederick the Great of Prussia and Maria Theresa of Austria come to their respective Hohenzollern and Habsburg thrones and begin German dualisms duel.

71
Q

1740 - 1748

A

War of Austrian Succession between Frederick’s Prussia and Maria Theresa’s Austria begins.

72
Q

18th century 2

A

Rococo art and Mozart

73
Q

1756

A

Diplomatic Revolution changes the alliance system of Europe

74
Q

1756-1763

A

The Seven Years War (known as the French and Indian War in North America) is fought showing colonial rivalries.

75
Q

1780-1790

A

Reign of Josef II of Austria

AP Euro (5 decks)

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