Data Transmission Flashcards

1
Q

data is broken down into _______ in order to be transmitted

A

packets

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2
Q

structure of data packet

A

header, payload, trailer

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3
Q

what does the header contain

A
  • Sends IP address
  • Receiver’s IP address
  • Packet Number
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4
Q

what does the payload contain

A

Data/part of message

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5
Q

what does the trailer contain

A

Bits to show end of packet

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6
Q

what is a packet

A

small unit of data that can be transmitted from a sender to a receiver through a network communication protocol

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7
Q

what is packet switching

A

method used to efficiently transmit data from th sender to the receiver

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8
Q

steps of packet switching

A
  • data is broken down into packets
  • headers info is used by router to determine source and destination of packet
  • packets take different routes and so arrive out of order
  • payload carries the actual data
  • trailer tells receiver that the end of the packet has ben reached
  • once arrived, packets are reordered
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9
Q

advantages of packet switching

A

take different routes which ensures data will arrive despite route availability
- transmission errors can be detected

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10
Q

disadvantages of packet switching

A
  • packets may be dropped if they move around a network for to long (they each have a TTL value)
  • a single delayed packet can cause entire message to be delayed
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11
Q

which factors determine which method is best for transmission

A

number of bits, number of wires, direction of data

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12
Q

overall, transmission can be

A

serial or parallel

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13
Q

what is serial transmission

A

one single wire is used to connect, bits are transmitted one at a time

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14
Q

advantages of serial

A
  • more reliable
  • bits arrive in order so wont be mixed up
  • chances of bits being lost is slim
  • long distance
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15
Q

what is parallel transmission

A

multiple wires to connect sending with receiving, several bits are sent simultaneously

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16
Q

advantages of parallel

A
  • faster than serial
17
Q

disadvantages of parallel

A
  • bits may arrive out of order
  • expensive method to implement over longer distance because it requires multiple wires
  • low reliability
  • short distance
18
Q

3 types of data direction in transmission

A

simplex, half-duplex, duplex

19
Q

what is simplex

A

only one device can transmit data (one direction)

20
Q

example of simplex

A

connection between computer and printer using USB cable

21
Q

what is half-duplex

A

both sending and receiving device can transmit data but not at the same time

22
Q

example of half-duplex

A

walkie-taklies

23
Q

what is full duplex

A

both sending and receiving devices can transmit data at the same time

24
Q

example of full duplex

A

telephone, video games

25
data synchronisation can be
synchronous or asynchronous
26
what is synchronous
Data as a string of bits, also containing timing signals, that are generated by an internal clock.
27
what is asynchronous
data is sent in groups in an agreed pattern
28
what does USB stand for
universal serial bus
29
what is USB
communication interface that has become standard for connecting devices to host controllers
30
what method does USB use
serial
31
examples of USB use
digital cameras, keyboard, printers
32
Newer USB-C is capable of
transferring data in both directions
33
what synchronisation does USB use
asynchronous
34
advantages of USB
- Device drivers are installed automatically - USB interface is self-configuring - The connectors can only be connected in a particular manner. This property makes sure the user does not connect it in an incorrect manner - Several data transmission rates are supported - Newer USBs are compatible with the older USB standard
35
how many pins is USB composed of and what ar their uses
4 pins - 2 for connecting wires that transmit data and 2 for wires that carry the power
36
steps to connecting USB to computer
- Device detected through change in voltage lines - Speed, type, configuration determined by computer. - Computer loads driver - Computer prompts user to install required driver id not already available.