Data Management

Question 1

What is GDPR

Answer 1

General Data Protection Regulation 2018, a form of secondry legislation under the data protection act which sets out seven key principles.

Question 2

What is the freedom of information act 2000

Answer 2

A form of primary legislation that gives individuals the rights to access information held by public bodies.

Question 3

What is a request for information

Answer 3

If requested a public body is required to issue information held on individuals within 20 days of the request.

Question 4

What are the seven key principles of GDPR

Answer 4

Lawfulness, fairness and transparency,
Purpose limitations,
Data minimisation,
Accuracy,
Storage limitations,
Integrity and confidentiality,
Accountablility.

Question 5

What is meant by ‘Lawfulness, fairness and transparency’ under GDPR

Answer 5

Transparency: tell the subject what data processing will be done.

Fairness: What is data is processed must match up with how it has been described.

Lawfulness: processing must meet the tests described in GDPR.

Question 6

What is meant by ‘Purpose limitations’ under GDPR

Answer 6

Personal data can only be obtained for specific, explicit and legitimate purposes

Question 7

What is meant by ‘Data minimisation’ under GDPR

Answer 7

Data collected on a subject must be adequate, relevant and necessary to the purpose

Question 8

What is meant by ‘Accuracy’ under GDPR

Answer 8

The data must be accurate and where necessary kept up to date

Question 9

What is meant by ‘Storage limitations’ under GDPR

Answer 9

Personal data is kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer than required.

Question 10

What is meant by ‘Integrity and confidentiality’ under GDPR

Answer 10

protect against unlawful processing, accidental loss, destruction or damage.

Question 11

What is meant by ‘Accontability’ under GDPR

Answer 11

organisations must provide evidence that steps have been taken to demonstrate complicane. This is achived by appointing a data protection officer, evaluating current practices and creating a personal data inventory.

Question 12

What is a Database

Answer 12

Databases collect information in a structured fashion and enforce by default rules and relationshipsabout what goes in and out. Controlled by a database mangement system. Databases require the use of structured query language to access information.

Question 13

What is a Spreadsheet

Answer 13

A spreadsheet offers quasi-structured data in a row and column format. Spreadsheets do not relate to each other and do not require rules about the information within them. Can perform mathmatical calculations and sort and filter data. Spreadsheets are used for data analysis, calculations, statistical comparisons and chart management.

Question 14

What is the difference between a database and a spreadsheet

Answer 14

Appearance - Spreadsheets are capeble of having a customizable appearence, can create graphs and have rich formatting features. Databases have a formulized appearence, produce streamline tabular reports.

Data Location - Spreadsheets are self contained documents, have limited security options and only allow one user. Databases have dedicated database servers, allow permissions and access controlto increase security and allow multiple simultanious users.

Question 15

What is BIM

Answer 15

There is no universally accepted definition of BIM. Generally Building information modeling is a process supported by various tools, technologies and contracts involving the generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places. Bim is broken down into levels and dimensions.

Question 16

What are the dimensions of BIM

Answer 16

2D - Two-dimensional graphical information.
3D - Three dimensional graphical information.
4D - Time and programme information.
5D - Cost information.
6D - Facilities management information.

Question 17

What sowftware is used with BIM

Answer 17

According to the NBS National BIM Report 2017, the most popular drawing tools are:

Autodesk Revit (Architecture/Structure/MEP) 41%
Graphisoft ArchiCAD 15%
Autodesk AutoCAD 14%
Autodesk AutoCAD LT 12%
Nemetscheck Vectorworks 9%
Other 5%
Bentley Microstation 2%
Trimble Sketchup (formerly Google Sketchup) 2%

Question 18

What are some advantages of implimenting BIM

Answer 18

Advantages of implimenting BIM;
Better Collaboration and Communication,
Model-Based Cost Estimation,
Preconstruction Project Visualization,
Improved Coordination and Clash Detection,
Reduced Cost and Mitigated Risk,
Improved Scheduling/Sequencing,
Increased Productivity and Prefabrication,
Stronger Facility Management and Building Handover,

Question 19

What are the Levels of BIM

Answer 19

Level 0 BIM - Unmanaged CAD,
Level 1 BIM - Managed CAD,
Level 2 BIM - Managed 3D environment,
Level 3 BIM - A single collaborative, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and project lifecycle information.

Question 20

What is Level 0 BIM

Answer 20

Level 0 BIM - Unmanaged computer aided design (CAD) including 2D drawings, and text with paper-based or electronic exchange of information but without common standards and processes.

Question 21

What is Level 1 BIM

Answer 21

Level 1 BIM - Managed CAD, with the increasing introduction of spatial coordination, standardised structures and formats as it moves towards Level 2 BIM. This may include 2D information and 3D information such as visualisations or concept development models. Models are not shared between project team members.

Question 22

What is level 2 BIM

Answer 22

Level 2 BIM - Managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate discipline-based models. These separate models are assembled to form a federated model, but do not lose their identity or integrity.

In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy published in May 2011, stated that the ‘Government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM as a minimum by 2016’. This represents a minimum requirement for level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects from April 2016.

The processes necessary to achieve level 2 BIM are set out in PAS 1192-2 Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase (replaced by BS EN ISO 19650) and PAS 1192-3 Specification for information management for the operational phase of construction.

Question 23

What is level 3 BIM

Answer 23

Level 3 BIM - A single collaborative, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and project lifecycle information. This is sometimes referred to as integrated BIM and is intended to deliver better business outcomes.

Level 3 has been described by the BIM Task Group as including: Whole life management (£ and CO2), Measurement (internet of things), New Commercial models: transparent, data provenance; paperless, whole life service, Enable new services and markets: smart cities / grids; social media, Scale and capacity, Ease of use and interoperable.

Question 24

What are some standards that govern BIM

Answer 24

PAS 1192 is now being phased out in favor of BS EN ISO 19650 - Organisation of information about construction works - information management using building information modelling. Which is split into 6 parts. Parts 1,2,3&5 have been published and 4&6 are expected this year.

CIC BIM Protocol - This establishes specific obligations, liabilities and limitations on the use of building information models and can be adopted by clients to mandate particular working practices. It can be incorporated into appointments or contracts by a model enabling amendment.

Uniclass2015 - A classification system that can be used to organise information throughout all aspects of the design and construction process.

BIM Toolkit - Developed by NBS, and offering a Digital Plan of Work to help define roles and responsibilities for preparing information and a verification tool to identify correctly classified objects and confirm that required data is present in the model.

Question 25

How is published data protected

Answer 25

Reproducing published data is controlled by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

Question 26

How can published maps be used

Answer 26

Ordnance Survey maps older than 50 years can be reproduced without permission. Google allow their maps to be used non-commercially in books, research papers and other related publications so long as your use is fair,

Question 27

How can published images be used

Answer 27

Photographs, illustrations and other images will generally be protected by copyright as artistic works. This means that a user will usually need the permission of the copyright owner if they want to use it. When including your own photographs of other people make sure you have their permission if they can be easily identified

Question 28

How can published books/articles/guidance be used

Answer 28

Extracts include text or tables from books, journal articles, manuscripts, and computer programs. Permission is required if more than a short quotation is reproduced.

Question 29

How can databases be used

Answer 29

Databases are either protected by copyright law as literary works or by database right. Seek permission to reproduce substantial extracts of data unless they are offered for reuse under a Creative Commons licence, Open Government Licence or Open Data Commons licence.

Question 30

How do you manage data

Answer 30

• Collect - email
• Collate - job
• Label – job no., date etc.
• Store – in job folder on the Google Drive
• Retrieve and share.

Question 31

What technical libraries do you use

Answer 31

BCIS - for project costing

Land Registry - for title plans and registers

Question 32

How is data stored within your organisation

Answer 32

Most of our personal and project data is stored in the cloud. Cloud storage involves at least one data server that a user connects to via the internet. The user sends files manually or in an automated fashion over the Internet to the data server which forwards the information to multiple servers. The stored data is then accessible through a web-based interface.

Question 33

How is data archived within your organization

Answer 33

Hard copy information is stored within our archive. Electronic information is stored in our archive drive cloud. All organized by year and is checked depending on how the contract was signed or the type of property.

Underhand = 6 years
Deed = 12 years

18m+ = 15years
Residential = 30 years

Question 34

What is a privacy notice

Answer 34

A privacy notice is provided by collectors of data informing the recipient how my origination collects, stores, uses and discloses their data.

Question 35

What is the UK BIM Framework

Answer 35

The UK BIM framework is a collective effort of BIM Alliance, Digital Built Britain, BSI Group and others to publish guidance to help individuals and organisations in the UK understand the fundamental principles of building information modeling according to ISO 19650.