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Cindy's Cog170 Flash Cards > Data Lineage > Flashcards

Data Lineage Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Epic Data is stored in one database?

A

False, all epic data is stored in one of 3 databases: Chronicles, Clarity, and Caboodle.

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2
Q

True or False: Data Lineage refers to the origin of data as it flows from one database to another?

A

True 85

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3
Q

True or False: data Lineage starts with chronicles?

A

True

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4
Q

What is a database?

A

A database is an organized collection of data. In many reporting tools, databases are also called data sources. The purpose of a database defines its structure. 86 and Caboodle each have different purposes, so each has a different structure, and each is separate from the other.

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5
Q

What is the flow of data in Epic?

A

Data lineage refers to the origin of data as it flows from one database to another. Epic Data linages starts with chronicles. This is where nurses, registrars, doctors, billers, and other users enter data. 86
* First Epic users enter data into chronicles. This is done through hyperspace or classic.
* Then every night, clarity ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load) transfers data from chronicles to clarity.
* Last, Caboodle ETL transfers data from clarity to caboodle the same night as clarity ETL.

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6
Q

What is data lineage?

A

It refers to the origin of data as it flows from one database to another. Epic data lineage starts with Chronicles. This is where nurses, registrars, doctors, billers and other uses enter data. 86

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7
Q

True or False: Chronicles stores a limited amount of patients medical records in various locations?

A

False, Chronicles is designed to be efficient for daily healthcare operations. When healthcare staff want information from a patient’s medical record, they typically want a lot of data about that patient. Chronicles meets this need by storing a patients entire medical record in a single location, making retrieval of one patients information very efficient. 86

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8
Q

Hoe does data flow from chronicles, to clarity, to caboodle?

A
  • First Epic users enter data into chronicles, usually through Hyperspace or Classic.
  • Then, every night, Clarity ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load) transfers data from chronicles to Clarity.

*Last, Caboodle ETL transfers data from Clarity to Caboodle the same night as Clarity ETL.

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9
Q

Where does Epic data lineage start?

A

It starts with chronicles. This is where nurses’ doctors, and others enter data. 86

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10
Q

Explain the structure of chronicles in relation to Master files, records, contacts, individual data points in a record.

A

The structure of chronicles is tree like. 86
* Chronicles is first divided into master files.
o Contain formation about a broad subject
o Example, all patients’ medical records in epic
* Each master file contains records
o Records contain information about individual entities within a master file.
o Example, information about a single patient or a single order.
* Records contain contacts
o Contacts contain information about points in time for a record. 86
o Example. Patient encounters.
* Individual data points within a record or contact are stored in items.
o Example stores social security and admission date.

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11
Q

What type of database is chronicles?

A

Production or operational database. all the build happens in chronicles.

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12
Q

The structure of chronicles is tree like and is composed of what?

A

Master file, records, and contacts

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13
Q

True or False: Chronicles is first divided into master files?

A

True, these master files contain infomration about a broad subject.

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14
Q

In chronicles records, what do they contain?

A

contacts. Contacts contain information about points in time for a record.

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15
Q

For Chronicles, individual data points within a record or contact are stored in what?

A

Items, for example, the patient master file has an item that stores social security number and an item that stores admission date.

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16
Q

True or False: items can store multiple pieces of information?

A

True, Items that store multiple pieces of information at a time have multiple lines. For example, there is an item for diagnoses that has one line for each diagnosis entered.

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17
Q

True or False: Clarity is an operational database for nurses and doctors?

A

False, Clarity is a relational database for reporting on large amounts of data over long periods of time. 87

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18
Q

True or False: Data travels from chronicles to clarity?

A

True, data from chronicles gets moved to clarity. The clarity data is organized into a relational structure.

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19
Q

True or False: Chronicles and Caboodle are relational databases?

A

False, Caboodle and Clarity are the relational databases.

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20
Q

True or False: Slicer points to Caboodle?

A

True, it says hey, caboodle, find this answer for me.

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21
Q

True or False: Clarity is a reporting database?

A

False, clarity is a data store. Caboodle is the reporting database.

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22
Q

How do you access clarity data?

A

Using SQL 87

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23
Q

How does Clarity store data?

A

Clarity stores data in tables that look like a two-dimensional grid with rows and columns.87

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24
Q

How does Clarity’s two-dimensional grid look like?

A

It is a two-dimensional grid with rows and columns. This means that each row represents an entry in the table. Now its columns each holds a piece of information about the row. 87

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25
Q

What are some similarities between clarity and caboodle?

A

Clarity and Caboodle are relational databases that consist of rows and columns.
They both can be accessed using SQL.
Can report large amounts of data over long periods of time. 87

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26
Q

What is one difference between clarity and caboodle??

A

Caboodle is a data warehouse, which means it can hold data from multiple sources: Both epic and non epic data.

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27
Q

True or False: all Epic data is in caboodle?

A

False, not all epic data is in caboodle, and clarity holds much more epic data than caboodle. Epic adds more information to caboodle with every release, but some reports that can be written using Epic’s other databases can not be written using caboodle.

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28
Q

True or False: Chronicles has non-epic data?

A

False, chronicles is an operational database. Caboodle is the relational database that stores non epic data.

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29
Q

True or False: There is label for each master file, called an INI?

A

True, there is a label for each master file that we call an INI meaning initials for each master file.

A few examples:
SER=Providers
EPM=Payers
EPT=patients
EAP=procedures

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30
Q

True or False: When you can, write reports using caboodle rather than clarity?

A

True, use clarity if the information you are looking for is not in caboodle yet.

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31
Q

Name the items in the picture

A

A. The description
B. The place it comes from in caboodle.
C. The columns in Clarity
D. The master files in Chronicles.

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32
Q

In the component editor or any modifiable field, if I wanted to see where an item lives in chronicles, how would I do that?

A

I would control Click + Click.

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33
Q

If I wanted to see data and there are no editable field, what can I do?

A

I would use record viewer (both in hyperspace and classic). You Can open the record viewer at the top of the tool bar(Classic) or search for record viewer in the search tool bar.

  1. Put in the INI
  2. You can click Show Record Selection Options
  3. Put in the record to search.
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34
Q

If you wanted to search for a client, how would you go about that in classic?

A
  1. Look for the record viewer
  2. Put in the INI code.
  3. Click Show record selection options.
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35
Q

An items’ characteristics fundamentally defines how it stores data. The key characteristics are:

A

An Items characteristics fundamentally define how it stores data. The key characteristics are 92
* Item number
* Data type
* Add type
* Response type
* Networking
* indexing

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36
Q

Most item numbers do not carry meaning in different INI. There are two items that do preserve their meaning across all master files:

A

The dot 1 and the dot 2. .1 & .2 (92)

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37
Q

What is item .1:

A

Record ID, every record in chronicles has a unique identifier held in item .1. A record IS is guaranteed to be unique within a master file, though not necessarily across master files.(92)

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38
Q

What is item .2:

A

Record name, for master files where a name makes sense, item .2 stores the name of the record. Unlike its record ID, a records name does not have to be unique.(92)

39
Q

What happens when multiple patients store the name “John Smith”?

A

Multiple patients could each store the name “John Smith” in the .2 item. However, each would have a uniquely identifiable record ID in the .1 item.

40
Q

In EPIC shorthand, an item may be reference as I EPT 110 what does it stand for?

A

I ->stands for Item
EPT-> Is the master file
100 -> Is the item number

41
Q

What is a category data type.

A

A pre-defined list of choices. Each defined category in a category list has a values a name, and an abbreviation. (93)

42
Q

In EPIC shorthand, an item may be reference as “R SER 21800” what do these items stand for?

A

R -> Record
SER -> is the master file
21800 ->is the record ID

43
Q

True or False: Multiple patients could each store the name “John Smith” in item .2. However, each would have a uniquely identifiable record ID in item .1.

A

True, (92)

44
Q

What is instant data type?

A

A date and a time. Instants are actually stored as the number of seconds since midnight on 12.31.1840 (93)

45
Q

What is a time data type?

A

A time without a date. The time is actually stored as the number of seconds since midnight. (93)

46
Q

What is a date data type?

A

A date without a time. The data is actually stored as the number of days since 12.31.1840. (93)

47
Q

What is a number data type?

A

Any number-can be integer, decimal, or use scientific notation. 93

48
Q

What is a String data type?

A

Any combination of characters. The format of string items is often restricted in the user entry interface in hyperspace.93

49
Q

Each item has a data type that limits the type and format of data it can store. What are the six data types in chronicles?

A

String, number, Date, time, instant, category

50
Q

What is Add types?

A

Add type determines whether item values are specific to one contact, or whether values apply to all of the records contacts.

51
Q

What are the add types?

A

No-add, response time, lookback

52
Q

What is a No-add?

A

No-add items store record level data. The value of a no-add item considered true for all contacts on that record. For example, a patient’s date of birth is a no-add item and has the same value on all contacts. if a no-add item is changed, the old value is replaced on all contacts.

53
Q

What is a response each time (Overtime)?

A

Response each time items store values separately on each contact. If such an item is blank for a certain contact, the value is considered unknown. For example, if a patient’s blood pressure is not collected during a visit, you cannot assume that it is the same as the previous measurement.

54
Q

What are the overtime add types?

A

The response each time and lookback add types are known as the overtime add types.

55
Q

What is response type?

A

Response type determines how many values an item can hold at once. For example, at any one time, a patient has only one date of birth, but can have multiple symptoms.

56
Q

What is a related group response type?

A

multiple lines of data can be stored at once, and each one of these lines is related to a line in another item.

57
Q

What is the multiple response type?

A

Multiple lines of data can be stored at once. These lines might be discrete pieces of data, such as multiple symptoms, or they might be multiple lines of a large block of text, such as an address.

58
Q

What response types are multiple response types?

A

Since both multiple response and related group items store multiple lines of data, these response types may collectively be referred to as multiple response.

59
Q

What is a single Response type?

A

Only one line of data can be stored at once.

60
Q

What is the purpose of a network item?

A

Some chronicles items are networked items. Networked items are define relationships between master files by storing a unique identifier that references a record or contact somewhere in chronicles.

61
Q

Most network items point to by record by?

A

Most network items point to records by storing that record’s ID, the value stored in the .1 item. Other network items point to contacts by that contacts CSN or Contact serial number.

62
Q

Explain how networked items store the associated records.

A

In a patients hospital encounter in hyperspace, we see the name of the providers, the name of the unit and the name of the insurance coverage. In truth, none of these names are directly stored on the patients record. Instead, networked items that store the record ID of each of the associated records (The record ID of the unit, the record ID of the attending provider) Provide a path to retrieve the names.

63
Q

How can you identify if some items are networked?

A

The item information window for that item contains network INI
The items definition in the item editor contains a Newtwork category
the record viewer values for that item contains a hyperlink.

64
Q

What is the difference between add type and response type

A

Add type is the way the data is entered. Response is how an item can hold at once.

65
Q

What does Indexed mean?

A

Some chronicles items are indexed, meaning that they pre-sort their data, which improves the performance of reports based on these items.

66
Q

How can you identify an item is indexed?

A

The item information window for that item contains an indexed field set to true
The items definition in the item editor contains a indexing category
Hovering over the item in the record viewer shows has index.

67
Q

True or False: The company can create indexes?

A

False, only Epic can create indexes for chronicles items, which only affects searching chronicles data. An indexed chronicles item may or may not be indexed in caboodle or clarity.

68
Q

True or False: You can use the record viewer to look up a list of columns in a clarity table?

A

False. Use the Record Viewer to view data from a record in Chronicles. Use the Data Dictionary in the Analytics Catalog to look up the columns in a Clarity table.

69
Q

Master file:

A

A master file, abbreviated with an INI, contains formation about a single subject.103

70
Q

Record:

A

a record contains information about individual entities within a master file.103

71
Q

Contact:

A

A contact stores a snapshot of data at one point of time in a record.103

72
Q

Item

A

An item stores individual data within a record or contact.103

73
Q

Record Viewer:

A

The record viewer is a tool in hyperspace that shows a read-only view of raw data in chronicles. It helps you see the values stored for each itemm and can be used to find specific items in a master file.104

74
Q

Line:

A

Lines are used for items that store multiple pieces of information.

75
Q

What is the difference between a record and a contact?

A

A record is a single entity. What kind of thing depends on the master file ‐ a record in the patient
master file is a patient, a record in the provider master file is a provider, etc. A contact represents a
single set of data (usually representing a unique time period) on that record.

76
Q

What is the difference between a multiple response item and a response each time item?

A

These refer to different item characteristics. “Multiple response” refers to a particular Response Type.
A multiple response item can hold multiple answers on one contact. “Response each time” refers to a
particular Add Type. A response each time item can hold different answers on different contacts.

77
Q

True or False: A patient who has been seen twice at your facility should have two records in the
Patient master file.

A

False ‐ The patient should only have one record, but that record will have two contacts.

78
Q

A user shows you a field in Hyperspace that they want to report on. How can you find where in
Chronicles that field files to?

A

Control‐click it. If that doesn’t work, try using the Record Viewer.

79
Q

Label the items.

A

Masterfile: is the INI, contains formation about a single subject.
Record: One patient, one provider is an item in a Masterfile.
Contact: On a patient this is an encounter, snapshot in time.
Item: Where the actual data is stored. The fields of where we put the data in.
Line: If you have several iteming providers, you have several lines.

80
Q

What does Clarity ETL stand for?

A

Extract, transform, and load. Every night clarity ETL transfers data from chronicles to clarity.

81
Q

How does data flow within Epic?

A

First, Epic users enter data into chronicles, usually through hyperspace or classic. Then, every night, clarity ETL transfers data from chronicles to clarity. Lastly, Caboodle ETL transfers data from Clarity to caboodle the same night as clarity ETL.

82
Q

What is a no-add type?

A

No add type store record-level data. The value of a no-add item is considered true for all contacts on that record. For example, a patients date of birth is a no add item, and is the same value on all contacts. If a no-add item is changed, the old value is replaced on all contacts.94

83
Q

What is a response each time add type?

A

Response each time items store values separately on each contact. If such an item is blank for a certain contact, the value is considered unknown. For example, if a patient’s blood pressure is not collected during a visit, you cannot assume that it is the same as the previous measurement.94

84
Q

What is a lookback add type?

A

Lookback items store values separately on each contact, much like reponse each time items. The only difference is that if a lookback item is not populated, the system ‘looks back’ to the most recent contact in which the item had a value, and treats that value as valid. 94

85
Q

What is a single response response-type

A

Only one line of data can be stored at once.95

86
Q

What is multiple response Response-Type?

A

Multiple lines of data can be stored at once. These lines might be discrete pieces of data, such as multiple symptoms, or they might be multiple likes of a large block of text such as an address.95

87
Q

What is related group Response-Type?

A

Multiple lines of data can be stored at once, and each one of these lines is related to a line in another item. 95

88
Q

True or False: Chronicles stores a limited amount of patients medical records in various locations?

A

False, Chronicles is designed to be efficient for daily healthcare operations. When healthcare staff want information from a patient’s medical record, they typically want a lot of data about that patient. Chronicles meets this need by storing a patients entire medical record in a single location, making retrieval of one patients information very efficient. 86

89
Q

True or False: Chronicles stores a limited amount of patients medical records in various locations?

A

False, Chronicles is designed to be efficient for daily healthcare operations. When healthcare staff want information from a patient’s medical record, they typically want a lot of data about that patient. Chronicles meets this need by storing a patients entire medical record in a single location, making retrieval of one patients information very efficient. 86

90
Q
A

The structure of chronicles is tree like. 86
* Chronicles is first divided into master files.
o Contain formation about a broad subject
o Example, all patients’ medical records in epic
* Each master file contains records
o Records contain information about individual entities within a master file.
o Example, information about a single patient or a single order.
* Records contain contacts
o Contacts contain information about points in time for a record. 86
o Example. Patient encounters.
* Individual data points within a record or contact are stored in items.
o Example stores social security and admission date.

91
Q

What is a date data type?

A

A date without a time. The data is actually stored as the number of days since 12.31.1840. (93)

92
Q

What are the overtime add types?

A

The response each time and lookback add types are known as the overtime add types.

93
Q

Most network items point to by record by?

A

Most network items point to records by storing that record’s ID, the value stored in the .1 item.

Cindy's Cog170 Flash Cards (11 decks)

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