Dark Ages Flashcards
Clovis
King of Franks, who one a battle in the name of Christianity.
He converts to Christianity
Battle of Tours
732, it was a battle of Christians against Muslims. The Christians one, stopping the Muslims in their tracks
Charlemagne
Charles the great
Charles Martel’s grandson, became king of Franks in 768.
Built an Empire that reached into France, Germany, and Italy.
Pope Leo the third makes him the Emperor of Romans.
Missi Dominici
Charlemagne’s officials who administered law and to see justice through.
The Treaty of Verdun
Charlemagne’s grandsons split the region into three parts
Magyars
Nomadic people who tried to invade a few times
Vikings
Traders, invaders, explorers, sailors, and farners
Feudalism
The system where lords rule their own lands
Vassals
Lesser lords who pledged loyalty to the high lord
Feudal contract
The exchange of pledges in Fuedalism
Fief
An estate Vassals would receive
Starting at 7, many nobles trained to be…
Knights (mounted warrior)
Tournaments
Knights engaged in mock battles
Who owned castles in the 1100’s?
Monarchs and Nobles
Eleanor of Aquitaine 1122-1204
Mother to Richard the Lion Hearted, she often ruled when her husband or son was away. She even wore armor and rode a horse alongside brave men during the second crusade
Chivalry
Knights code of honor
Troubadours
Wandering musicians who sang story’s about knights
Manor
Lords estate
Serfs
Peasants
Sacraments
Sacred rites of the church, they got you into heaven
Benedictine Rule
Rule of thumb used by Monastery’s, made by a Monk named Benedict in 530
Monks and nuns would take 3 vows.
- Obedience 2. Poverty
- Chastity/purity
Secular
Worldly
Papal Supremacy
Power over all secular (worldly) leaders
Cannon Law
Church Laws
Governed Wills, Marriage, and Morals
Excommunication
When church would not give sacraments to a certain town
Interdict
An order of exclusion involving an entire towns sacraments being stripped
Friars
Monks who did not lead isolated lives in monastery’s , but instead traveled and preached to the poor
St. Francis of Assisi
Giving up a comfortable life, he devoted his time to preaching the gospels and teaching by his own example of good works. He and his newfound group the Franciscans preached about poverty, humility, and the love of God
Capital
Money for investment
Partnerships
Groups of merchants pooling funds for a large scale venture that would have been to expensive for any one person
Tenant farmers
People who paid rent for their land or hired farm laborers
Middle class
By the year 1000 merchants, traders and artisans formed their own class, in-between nobles and peasants
Merchant Guilds
Made up of merchants they dominated town life, passing laws and levying taxes . They also decided where town funds should go, like to paving the streets
Craft Guilds
Artists came to resent the Merchants and their power, so they organized there own guild. Each one represented an occupation such as weaving, baking, or goldsmiths.
Apprentice
Trainee to a Guild master
Journeyman
JourneymenGuild members, salaried workers
Charter
A written document about the rights and privileges of a town
Charles Martel
The man who rallied Frankish warriors against the Muslims when after they crossed into France.
