Damage to the Nervous System

Question 1

How can damage be done to the Nervous System?

Answer 1

• Stoke
• Sports
• Violence
• Accidents

Question 2

T or F: Axons can live without the cell body

Answer 2

False
- they cannot live without the cell body

Question 3

What is Retrograde Degeneration?

Answer 3

• when they cell body dies & everything goes with it

Question 4

What is anterograde degeneration?

Answer 4

• axon is separated from the cell body and it dies
• can happen with spinal cord damage

Question 5

Will the cell body regrow if it is in the PNS?

Answer 5

• yes, it will grow

Question 6

Will the cell body regrow if it is in the CNS?

Answer 6

no, it will not grow

Question 7

What myelin stops signals from going through?

Answer 7

• Oligodendroglia
  - contains NOGO that stops cells

Question 8

What do the Schwann cells do regarding growth?

Answer 8

they don’t stop regrowth and allow it grow

Question 9

What are the latest approaches to fixing spinal cord damage?

Answer 9

• electrical stimulation in the spinal cord itself- movement
• biologically active implant at the site of damage

Question 10

What kind of affect does losing synapses do to neurotransmitters?

Answer 10

• the loss of synapses results in increase in neurotransmitter receptors

Question 11

What happens to dopamine in Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 11

• dopamine starts to die/ decrease
• the axons are in the substantial nigra to striatum

Question 12

What does an increase in dopamine receptors do?

Answer 12

• its used in order to get a response from L-DOPA

Question 13

What are some symptoms of Parkinson’s?

Answer 13

• tremor
• trouble initiating movements
• eventual cognitive decrements

Question 14

What happens during collateral axon sprouting?

Answer 14

• One axon is injured and degenerates
• the other axon above connects to the other synapses
  - sprouts to fill vacant synapses