Dairy Production Medicine Flashcards
how many classes of grade A milk are there?
4
what’s class I milk?
beverage-fluid milk
what’s class II milk?
soft products
soft dairy - heavy cream, sour cream
frozen - ice cream, fro yo
what’s class III milk?
cheese - cream cheese, spreadable, hard cheese
what’s class IV milk?
butter and powder products
what drives the cost of demand?
supply vs demand
wholesale commodity prices
changes in demand with alternative products
imports
what percent BW should a heifer calf be bottle fed?
10-15%
which disease are we MOST worried about in calves 0-8 weeks of age (pre-weaning)?
diarrhea
when does weaning occur?
8 weeks old
moved from hutch to group housing
what disease are you MOST worried about in weaned calves?
respiratory disease complex
describe heifer housing (very general)
grouped based on size
roughage diet
heifer raising facility (until pregnant)
pasture, dry lot
what’s the goal of raising heifers?
grow without becoming over-conditioned
heifers are bred at ___% mature weight
65%
what nutrition does lactating cows get?
TMR
what is TMR?
total mixed rations
higher energy/protein diet for lactating cows
list the five stages of lactation period
freshening
early
mid
late
dry off
match the five lactation stages with their days
freshening - day 0
early - days 0-100
mid - days 100-200
late - days 200-305
dry off - days 305-365
when does peak milk occur during lactation?
during early lactation (day 45-90)
at what point of the lactation cycle are we hoping the cow is pregnant again?
late lactation
what are the four main types of milking systems
how many days is lactation standardized to in the US dairy industry?
305 days
what’s the main health concern commonly seen during lactation?
mastitis
how does one make a profit in dairy industry? (main concepts)
