Da Muscles

Question 1

What are the 3 types of muscle tissues?

Answer 1

Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth

Question 2

Explain 3 points of skeletal muscle

Answer 2

striated as is dark/light bands
voluntary mostly
connects to bones and other muscles and even skin

Question 3

Explain 3 points of cardiac muscle

Answer 3

also striated
involuntary
pumping action called autohythmicity which is controlled by neurotransmitters and hormones

Question 4

Explain 3 points of smoothmuscle

Answer 4

located in hollows of organs like blood vessels and resp passages
peristalsis is kinda like autorhythmic wave like motion
not striated

Question 5

3 functions of muscle

Answer 5

motion. heat. stability

Question 6

Connective tissue around muscle

Answer 6

fascia

Question 7

Superficial fascia

Answer 7

stores water and fat, is an insulator, protects from injury, pathway for nerves and blood supply. Adipose and areolar

Question 8

Deep fascia

Answer 8

dense irregular tissue protects and holds muscles together

Question 9

epimysium

Answer 9

outer layer around muscles to protect

Question 10

perimysium

Answer 10

middle layer around muscles. holds 10+ fibers together.

Question 11

endomysium

Answer 11

surrounds each individual muscle fibre

Question 12

tenosynovitis

Answer 12

tenis elbow. inflammation condition of tendon sheath

Question 13

neuromuscular junctions

Answer 13

unique to skelton. is connection of motor neuron from spinal cord and a group of muscle fibers

Question 14

acetylcholine

Answer 14

neurotransmitter which moves from axon terminal to ACh receptors to make the muscle contraction

Question 15

Sarcolemma

Answer 15

plasma membrane of muscle fiber

Question 16

Myofibril

Answer 16

contracting element of muscle fiber. ensircled by fluid filled cisterns called Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) which has the role of storing Ca2+

Question 17

Myofilament

Answer 17

many make up the myofibril

Question 18

Contractile proteins

Answer 18

Myosin and Actin

Question 19

Isometric Contraction

Answer 19

when contraction of muscle occurs without the shortening of the muscle ie lifting something too heavy. Force exerted, nothing happens

Question 20

Muscle Tone

Answer 20

semi-contracted state some muscles req to be in for posture ie neck

Question 21

Creatine phosphate

Answer 21

full of high energy phosphates that can get transfered to ATP to be used for muscle contraction up to about 15 mins.Part of the phosphagen system

Question 22

lactic acid

Answer 22

by-product of turning ADP into ATP inside mitochondria when not enough O2 is present. Part of glycolysis

Question 23

Cellular Respiration

Answer 23

in mitochondria pyruvia acid is broken down into ATP, CO2, H2o and heat. slow to make ATP. is efficient for amount of glucose needed to make lots of energy tho

Question 24

hyperplasia

Answer 24

growing a muscle fiber

Question 25

Isotonic exersise

Answer 25

aka aerobic ie walking runnig

Question 26

Concentric contraction

Answer 26

shortening muscle

Question 27

Eccentric contraction

Answer 27

lengthening muscle

Question 28

high myoglobin content

Answer 28

dark meat = red muscle fibers. lots of mito’s

Question 29

Artia

Answer 29

upper heart chambers

Question 30

Ventricles

Answer 30

lower heart chambers

Question 31

intercalcted discs

Answer 31

made of desmosomes that hold together fibers of the heart, gap junctions from impulse movement= allows fibers to work together

Question 32

lots of mito in heart

Answer 32

beats about 75 times minute

Question 33

visceral smooth muscle

Answer 33

most common smooth mouscle type. located in walls of arties and veins. and hollow viscera

Question 34

multiunit smooth muscle

Answer 34

second type- in bronchioles and iris

Question 35

SA action

Answer 35

SR hold the Ca2=, which floods into sarcoplasm when triggered to contract