D5 - Special Optical Appliances Flashcards by Megan G

Clip on Magnifier:

Design Features

Simple high powered plus lens

Available 3x binocular and 7x monocular

Flip up when not required

Hands free

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Clip on Magnifier:

Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Magnification required: Acuity achieved/Acuity desired

Clip over bridge of Px’s specs

Adjustable vertex distance for increased field of view

Demonstrate working distance

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Clip on Magnifier:

Advice on use

Wear for specific near tasks

Hold task away and bring closer until clear

Close working distance

Good illumination required

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Fresnel Prism:

Design Features

Temporary prism

Made from UPVC

Consists of multiple parallel prims 1mm thick

Available up to 30 prism D

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Fresnel Prism:

Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Check prism base direction

Apply underwater to remove air bubbles

Apply to back surface of lens

Check VAs - can reduce VAs by 2 snellen lines

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Fresnel Prism:

Advice on use

Wear as advised

Do not attempt to clean or rub back surface

Can be reapplied if required

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Monocle:

Design Features:

Single lens held in aperture

Gallery gripped by orbicularis oculi

Gallery holds lens away from globe

Neck coed to prevent loss

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Monocle:

Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Dispense to dominant eye

Dispense best vision sphere

Glaze with Trivex for safety

Glaze a flat form lens

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Monocle:

Advice on use

Use with dominant eye

Use for specific tasks

Not used for prolonged tasks

Keep on cord to prevent loss

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Half-eye Spectacles:

Design features

Shallow lens covering lower portion of orbit

Ideal for emmetropic presbyopes and CL wearers

Large distance between pad centres and long LTBs to allow to sit at end of nose

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Half-eye Spectacles

Dispensing/fitting requirements

Adjust for lower frame fitting

Record near CD at specific working distance

Glaze OCs appropriately high

Record vertex distance

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Half-eye Spectacles

Advice on use

Sit low on nose to allow distance vision over the top

Wear for specific tasks only

Remove spectacles to walk around

View distant objects over frame

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Reading Spectacles:

Design Features

Older design includes full aperture frame with lens in bottom half only

Used for near or inter tasks

Glazed to full sph/cyl prescription

Ideal for emmetropic presbyopes and CL wearers

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Reading Spectacles:

Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Adjust appropriately so lens sits at desired height

Order with full near or inter prescription

Record near CD at specific working distance

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Reading Spectacles:

Advice on use

Wear for specific tasks only

Remove spectacles to walk around

View distant objects over lens

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Recumbent Spectacles:

Design Features

Prism and mirrors mounted into frame to deviate light by 90 degrees

Prism displace image

Mirrors reflect image

Can be worn over existing spectacles

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Recumbent Spectacles:

Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Ideal for bed bound patients or patients with stoops

Fit snug to avoid slipping

May require head strap to secure

Fit low and shallow to allow patients to look over

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Recumbent Spectacles:

Advice on use

Wear to view objects below or above

Wear with spectacles if required

Take care if wearing when moving

Look over the top to see directly in front

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Surgeon’s Spectacles:

Design features

Spectacle mounted telescope

Galilean telescope unit

Positive objective lens and negative eyepiece

Adjustable focus

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Surgeon’s Spectacles:

Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Must accurately measure CDs

Measure working distance and CDs with frame in place

Some units have adjustable focus, may have to secure at appropriate focus

Some allow patient’s rx to be glazed into carrier

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Surgeon’s Spectacles:

Advice on use

Demonstrate working distance

Wear for specific tasks

Do not move around when wearing

Requires good illumination, angle poised lamp directly onto task

Safety Spectacles:

Design Features

Large frames with side shields

May be wrapped to protect from debris

Impact resistant lenses, sometimes chemical

Marked to conform with BSEN 166/167

Safety Spectacles:

Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Ensure close fitting for adequate protection from debris

Frame and lenses specified by safety officer

Adjustments may be made in practice, but not repairs

Safety Spectacles:

Advice on use

Wear for designated tasks

Do not remove side shields/interfere with device

Clean as specified by manufacturer

Trigeminal Spectacles: Design Features

Large frame provides peri-orbital protection following corneal sensitivity loss Dark shields for light protection NOT BS/EN marked

Trigeminal Spectacles: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Dispensed to patients with paralysis of trigeminal nerve Side shields prevent debris as lack of corneal sensitivity Tints reduce photophobia

Trigeminal Spectacles: Advice on use

Wear as and when required Place in case Clean with cloth and spray

Ptosis Prop: Design Features

Prop fitted to back plane of frame Raises upper lid to keep pupil clear to provide adequate vision Silicon covered as hypoallergenic

Ptosis Prop: Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Suitable plated metal frame select which fits in line with brow Pre adjust before measuring Measure from frame rim to orbit

Ptosis Prop: Advice on use

Use artificial tears if required Ensure prop is fitted correctly and comfortably Replace silicon covers if perishing

Lundhi Loop: Deign Features

Ideal for patients with droopy upper lids cause by facial paralysis Loop is fitted to the back surface of the spectacle plane

Lundhi Loop: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Select suitable plated metal frame which fits in line with brow Pre adjust frame Fit non slip silicon pads

Lundhi Loop: Advice on use

Use artificial tears if needed Ensure prop is fitting correctly and comfortably Replace silicon covers if perishing

Flip up Spectacles: Design Features

Flip attached to top rim Ideal for occupational use Range of prescription & tint available

Flip up Spectacles: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Measure CDs with the frame Visual Task analysis: identify requirements Flip can be glazed with NV, IV, negative add or tint

Flip up Spectacles: Advice on use

Wear for specific tasks Flip up lenses as required Clean with cloth and spray

Make up Spectacles (flip over): Design Features

One spherical positive powered lens Flip attached at nasal rim Usually ready made

Make up Spectacles (flip down): Design Features

Glazed to single vision full sph/cyl rx Flip attached at lower rim Flip down to use lens

Make up Spectacles: Advice on use

Do not drive when wearing Place in case Clean with spray and cloth Wear for specific tasks

Make up Spectacles: Dispensing/Fitting requirements

Usually used by hyperopes or presbyopes when applying makeup Can be used by CL wears when inserting Glazed with best sph or full Rx depending

Reversible Spectacles: Design Features

Spectacle frame with swivel joints Can be worn either way round Curl sides for secure fit

Reversible Spectacles: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Dispense to patients with monocular vision Dispense trivex lenses for safety Record mono CDs for DV and NV

Reversible Spectacles: Advice on use

Demonstrate how to flip around when changing tasks Wear with appropriate lens in front of the dominant eye Mark one side to easily identify which way around to wear for DV or NV

Paediatric Spectacles: Design Features

Manufacture from silicon Moulds to the shape of baby's face No joints or screws for safety Loop end sides w/ elastic head strap

Paediatric Spectacles: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Perform cover test, record CD's Dispense trivex lens for safety Head strap to fit comfortably

Paediatric Spectacles: Advice on use

Explain importance of continuous wear to parents Call in for regular fitting checks Return if broken or damaged Adaption advice

Reading Spectacles: Design Features

Full frame, half lens For NV and IV Glazed to sph/cyl single vision prescription

Reading Spectacles: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Generally worn by presbyopes requiring NV correction Record near CDs Maybe worn as readers over CL's Glazed to required prescription

Reading Spectacles: Advice on use

Wear for specific NV or IV task Place in case Clean with cloth and spray

Frankling Split Lenses: Design Features

Two completely separate lenses Independent control of OCs Obvious dividing line Can be supplied with prism correction in either distance or near portion

Frankling Split Lenses: Dispensing/Fitting Requirements

Dispense a plastic frame for endurance Avoid spring loaded sides as this puts pressure on the lenses and they may pop out Usually fit them lower lens at lower limbus

Frankling Split Lenses: Advice on use

Take care when cleaning as lenses can fall out Place in the case Clean with a cloth and spray