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WRITTEN REVALIDA > D2- Theoretical Optics, Ophthalmics, & Contact Lens > Flashcards

D2- Theoretical Optics, Ophthalmics, & Contact Lens Flashcards

1
Q

Branches of optics:

A

Geometrical optics
Physical optics
Quantum optics

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2
Q

Branch of optics that deals with the study of light in terms of ray

A

Geometrical optics

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3
Q

Branch of optics that deals with the study of light in a form of waves

A

Physical optics

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4
Q

Branch of optics that deals with the interaction of light with atomic entities of matter

A

Quantum optics

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5
Q

Object or bodies that are capable of emitting their own light either naturally or artifically

A

Source of light

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6
Q

Light sources that cannot be controlled by man

A

Natural sources

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7
Q

Light sources that can be controlled by man

A

Artificial sources

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8
Q

A source of light that is either infinitely small

A

Point source

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9
Q

A source of light that has a measurable area consists of infinite number of point sources

A

Artificial sources

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10
Q

3 theories of light

A

Emission Theory
Undulatory Theory
Electromagnetic Theory

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11
Q

Light is composed of minute particles of matter called

A

Corpuscle

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12
Q

The bouncing back of light

A

Reflection

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13
Q

Bending of light

A

Refraction

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14
Q

Transformation of light into some other form of energy

A

Absorption

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15
Q

Decomposition of light into its constituent elements

A

Dipsersion

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16
Q

Slight bending of light around the corners

A

Diffraction

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17
Q

The process of restricting the vibration directions of the electromagnetic wave to only one direction

A

Polarization

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18
Q

The most common method of polarization involves the use of _____

A

Polaroid filter

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19
Q

A type of medium or body where light passes through it freely, with minimum absorption and reflection

A

Transparent medium

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20
Q

A type of medium or body which transmit only a portion of light such as a frosted glass

A

Translucent medium

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21
Q

A type of medium or body where all the rays of light incident on it are either absorbed or reflected that none traverse it

A

Opaque medium

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22
Q

Those of shorter wavelength than violet are known as

A

Ultraviolet radiation

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23
Q

Those of shorter wavelength than violet are known as

A

Ultraviolet radiation

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24
Q

Those of longer wavelengths than red are known as

A

Infra-red or thermal radiation

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25
Q

A law that states that for radiation to have effect on a substance through which it travels, it mist be absorbed by the substance

A

Draper’s Law

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26
Q

A heating effect, raising the molecule from the resting state to an excited state

A

Thermal effect

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27
Q

A disease in the retina which is caused by looking directly at a solar eclipse

A

Solar retinopathy

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28
Q

Exposure to short ultraviolet for 30 min.-24 hrs. can cause what?

A

Photo-ophthalmia
Photokeratitis
Photo-conjunctivitis

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29
Q

Exposure to long ultraviolet may cause what?

A

Yellow coloration of the lens nucleus

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30
Q

Visible light spectrum wavelength of VIOLET

A

390-446 nm

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31
Q

Visible light spectrum wavelength of BLUE

A

446-500 nm

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32
Q

Visible light spectrum wavelength of GREEN

A

500-560 nm

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33
Q

Visible light spectrum wavelength of YELLOW

A

560-592 nm

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34
Q

Visible light spectrum wavelength of ORANGE

A

592- 650 nm

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35
Q

Visible light spectrum wavelength of RED

A

650-780 nm

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36
Q

A special source of light of only one pure color

A

Laser

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37
Q

The law that states that “in a homogenous optical medium, light travels along a straight path”

A

Law of Rectilinear Propagation of Light

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38
Q

The smallest possible of light

A

Point source

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39
Q

Dark image formed by intercepting light rays; formed if you block the rays of light

40
Q

The region of complete shadow formed on the screen

41
Q

The region of complete shadow

42
Q

A source of light which consists of infinite number of point sources

A

Extended source

43
Q

The natural phenomenon that illustrates the formation of shadows

44
Q

The science of measuring and comparing light quantities

A

Photometry

45
Q

An instrument used for measuring and comparing light quantities

A

Photometer

46
Q

Photometry are concerned with three aspects:

A

Luminous flux
Luminous intensity
Illuminance or brightness

47
Q

Rate of flow of luminous energy from a source

A

Luminous flux

48
Q

Radiant energy which is emitted by a source per unit time which causes the sensation of sight

A

Luminous flux

49
Q

The unit of luminous flux

50
Q

The quantity of light emitted by a source in one given direction

A

Luminous intensity

51
Q

The unit of luminous intensity

52
Q

Luminous intensity is generally referred to as

A

Candle power

53
Q

Measure of the illumination

A

Illuminance

54
Q

A law that states that the illumination of a surface placed perpendicularly to the direction in which the light is traveling varies as the distance of the surface from the source

A

Inverse square law

55
Q

Types of reflection

A

Specular reflection
Diffuse reflection

56
Q

A type of reflection that occurs only on smooth surface such as glass, mirror or mercury

A

Specular reflection

57
Q

A type of reflection which occurs only on rough surfaces.

A

Diffuse reflection

58
Q

A type of reflection where reflected rays travel in the same direction

A

Specular reflection

59
Q

A type of reflection where reflected rays spread out in different directions

A

Diffuse reflection

60
Q

Line passing through the center of the sphere and attaching to the mirror in the exact center of a mirror

A

Principal axis

61
Q

The point in the center of sphere from which the mirror was sliced

A

Center of curvature

62
Q

The point on the mirror’s surface where the principal axis meets the mirror

63
Q

Midway between the vertex and the center of curvature

A

Focal point

64
Q

Distance from the vertex to the center of curvature

A

Radius of curvature

65
Q

Distance from the mirror to the focal point

A

Focal length

66
Q

Bending of light as it goes from one medium to another of different density

A

Refraction

67
Q

A type of index of refraction where the ratio of the speed of light is in empty space to some other optical medium

A

Absolute index of refraction

68
Q

A type of index of refraction where the ratio of the speed of light of 2 optical media is neither air or light that doesn’t originate in air

A

Relative index of refraction

69
Q

Index of refraction for vacuum

70
Q

Index of refraction for air

71
Q

Index of refraction for water

72
Q

Index of refraction for ethyl alcohol

73
Q

Index of refraction for crown glass

74
Q

Index of refraction for polycarbonate

75
Q

Index of refraction for diamond

76
Q

A portion of transparent substance bounded by two polished surfaces both of which may be curved

77
Q

Tend to produce convergence of light

78
Q

Tend to make light divergent

79
Q

A wedge-shaped portion of a refracting medium contained between two plane polished surfaces which are not parallel to each other

80
Q

Lens that is thicker at the center than at edge

81
Q

Lens that forms a magnified image of an object held within its focus

82
Q

Lens that diminishes the apparent size of an object seen through it

83
Q

Lens that is thinner at center than at edge

84
Q

A form of lens where the back surface is plane, all the power being provided by the front surface

A

Plano conv/conc

85
Q

A form of lens where both surfaces have the same curve but of different power

A

Bi-conv/conc

86
Q

A form of lens where both surfaces have the same curvature and power

A

Equi-conc/conv

87
Q

A form of lens where the front surface is convex, the back surface is concave

A

Plus/minus meniscus

88
Q

The line joining the center of curvature of the two spheres or lens

A

Optic axis

89
Q

A point through which rays of light pass unrefracted

A

Optic center

90
Q

Line drawn perpendicular to the optic axis passing through the optic center

A

Principal of bending plane

91
Q

Defined as changing the form of lens prescription without changing its value

A

Transposition

92
Q

Two types of transposition

A

Flat transposition
Toric transposition

93
Q

Process of finding the power or strength of the refracting elements which make up an unknown lens

A

Neutralization

94
Q

An instrument used to measure the thickness of a lens

95
Q

Instrument most commonly used to measure the vertex power of lenses

96
Q

Other term for lensmeter

A

Focimeter and Vertometer

WRITTEN REVALIDA (11 decks)

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