D Taylor, blag and Nick had- fungal

Question 1

Fungi are divided into what two classes

Answer 1

Yeasts

Moulds

Question 2

True/ false - yeasts are multicellular and also known as filamentous fungi

Answer 2

False this is Moulds

Question 3

True/false yeasts reproduce by budding or fission

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Fungi are carbon heterotrophs, therefore they require what?

Answer 4

Organic compounds as carbon sources

Question 5

What age can you use terbinafine for ringworm treatment

Answer 5

Over 12s only

Question 6

Griseofulvin is effective against what species

Answer 6

Microsporum sp

Question 7

Terbinafine is effective against what species

Answer 7

Trichophyton tonsurans

Question 8

Do you take griseofulvin with fatty foods

Answer 8

Yes to help absorption

Question 9

Are fungi pro or eukaryotic organisms

Answer 9

Eukaryotic - they have a true nucleus

Question 10

Define severe sepsis

Answer 10

Sepia plus sepsis induced organ dysfunction/tissue hypo-perfusion

Question 11

Define septic shock

Answer 11

Sepsis induced hypotension persisting despite adequate fluid resuscitation

Question 12

Name 4 main causative species of invasive fungal infections

Answer 12

Candida
Aspergillus
Cryptococcus
Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 13

True/false aspergillus is a yeast

Answer 13

FALSE ITS A MOULD DUH

Question 14

Aspergillus is a common environmental pathogen therefore tends to cause what kind of infections

Answer 14

Pulmonary infections

Question 15

Name two types of aspergillus infections

Answer 15

Aspergillosis

Aspergilloma

Question 16

What type of fungi is cryptococcus

Answer 16

YEAST

Question 17

What is beta-D-glucan

Answer 17

Cell wall component of fungi detected in blood

Question 18

What is galactomannan

Answer 18

Surface component of fungi - used to detect for diagnosis

Question 19

Can antifungals be toxic to us?

Answer 19

Yeh cos fungi are eukaryotes so more similar to our own cells than e.g bacteria

Question 20

Name 4 classes of antifungals

Answer 20

Azoles
Echinocandins
Polyenes
Nucleoside analogues

Question 21

How do Azoles work

Answer 21

Inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis in the cell membrane

Question 22

How do echinocandins work

Answer 22

Inhibition of beta-1,3-glucan synthesis in the cell wall

Question 23

How do polyenes work

Answer 23

Ergosterol disruption in cell membrane

Question 24

What’s the mechanism of action of triazoles

Answer 24

Decreased ergosterol production through inhibition of fungal CYP450 enzymes

Question 25

How does the polyene amphoterocin work

Answer 25

Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane, creates pores, increasing permeability

Question 26

What is CaMdr1p?

Answer 26

A major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antifungal efflux transporter protein of Candida albicans

Question 27

The unique and conserved antiporter motif on CaMdr1p is called what

Answer 27

Motif C

Question 28

What are Cdr1p and Cdr2p

Answer 28

Multi drug transporters of candida in the ABC superfamily