(d) Movement of substances in & out of cells

Question 1

What is the process of diffusion?

Answer 1

The net movement of particles down a concentration gradient as the result of random movement of particles

Question 2

What is the process of osmosis?

Answer 2

The net movement of water particles down a concentration gradient through a partially permeable membrane such as the cell membrane

Question 3

What is the process of active transport?

Answer 3

The net movement of particles against a concentration gradient

Question 4

How does active transport work?

Answer 4

It requires energy from respiration, and it workd by using carrier proteins which are embeded in the cell membrane to pick up specific molecules and take them through the cell membrane

Question 5

What factors can affect the rate of movement of substances into and out of the cells?

Answer 5

1. The smaller the distance, the faster the transport
2. The higher the temperature, the faster the transport
3. The greater difference between the concentration on two sides, the faster the transport
4. The larger the surface area, the faster the transport