D. Elements and Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by an element?

A

A substance with only one type of atom.

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2
Q

Approximately how many elements are there?

A

100

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3
Q

Where are all the naturally occuring elements made?

A

In the stars

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4
Q

Where are elements listed?

A

On the periodic table

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5
Q

Name 3 ways in which the periodic table can be split into categories

A
  1. Metal and non-metals
  2. Solids, liquids and gases
  3. Naturrally occurring and man-made
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6
Q

Approx how many elements are naturally occurring?

A

92

Numbers 1 to 92

Hydrogen to Uranium

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7
Q

Name the 2 liquid elements at room temperature

A

Bromine

Mercury

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8
Q

How many elemnts are gases at roomp temperature?

A

11

(Be able to name 2 of them at least)

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9
Q

What is meant by a “group” in the periodic table?

A
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10
Q

What is meant by a “period” in the periodic table?

A
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11
Q

What name is given to the group 1 metals?

A
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12
Q

What name is given to the group 7 elements?

A
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13
Q

What name is given to the group 8 elements?

A
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14
Q

Why are group 1 known as alkali metals?

A

They produce an alkali when reacted with water

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15
Q

Why are group 1 metals stored under oil?

A

To keep them from reacting with oxygen and /or water

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16
Q

Describe the reactivity trend of group 1 metals

A
17
Q

What’s the test for hydrogen?

A
18
Q

What’s the test for oxygen?

A
19
Q

What are some of the physical properties of the alkali metals?

A
20
Q

Which gas is produced when alkali metals react with water?

A
21
Q

What happens to stars near the end of their lives dependent on their size?

A
22
Q

What is the extra step that a massive star takes in its “death”

A

It becomes a supernova

23
Q

What is the name of the process by which elements are made in stars?

A

Nuclear Fusion

24
Q

What happens during Nuclear Fusion?

A

Nuclei of lighter elements “fuse” together to make heavier elements

25
Q

What conditions are need for Nuclear fusion to happen?

A

Enormour Pressure

Very High Temperatures

26
Q

What are some properties and uses of copper

A
27
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance made up of 2 elements

28
Q

What is “electrolysis”?

A

The breaking apart of a compound using electricity

29
Q

What kind of power supply is needed for electrolysis?

A

DC

(Direct Current)

30
Q

Whys do we use graphite electrodes?

A
  1. Graphite conducts electricity
  2. Graphite is unreactive
31
Q

At which electrode did the copper form when copper chloride was electrolysed?

A

The negative electrode

32
Q

What are the 3 particles in an atom?

A

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

33
Q

What are the charges on each particle in an atom?

A

Protons +1

Electrons -1

Neutrons 0

34
Q

Which 2 particles have a mass of 1?

A

Protons and Neutrons

35
Q

Why are atoms neutrally charged?

A

They have equal numbers of protons and electrons

36
Q

What does the group number tell you?

A

The number of outer electrons