2. Atomic structure Flashcards
What is meant by a “group” in the periodic table?
What is meant by a “period” in the periodic table?
What name is given to the group 1 metals?
What name is given to the group 7 elements?
What name is given to the group 8 elements?
What are the 3 particles in an atom?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What are the charges on each particle in an atom?
Protons +1
Electrons -1
Neutrons 0
Which 2 particles have a mass of 1 a.m.u?
Protons and Neutrons
Structure of an atom
Why are atoms neutrally charged?
They have equal numbers of protons and electrons
What charge is on the nucleus of an atom?
Positive because it contains protons (+ve charge) and neutrons (zero charge)
What is an “electrostatic attraction” ?
The attraction between positive and negative particles.
What stops the electrons in an atom from escaping as they spin around?
The electrostatic attraction of the positively charged nucleus.
What does the period number tell you about an atoms of elements found in that period?
They all have the same number of shells as the period number.
Where are electrons found in an atom?
In shells around the nucleus
What is the maximum number of electrons possible in each shell?
What does the group number tell you?
The number of outer electrons an atom of an element in that group has
By what other name is the outer shell known?
The “Valence” shell.
What is Valency?
The number of unpaired electrons in an atom’s valence shell
