Cytoskeleton 1 + 2 Flashcards
exam 1
size order of the filaments
microtubules> intermediate filaments> actin microfilaments
smallpox virus
variola
examples of pathogens that hijack the actin machinery of the host cell to propel themselves from one cell into another without being exposed to the immune system
smallpox virus, vaccinia virus and bacterium listeria
subunit of microtubules
tubulin
subunit of microfilaments
actin
subunit of intermediate filaments
lamins, keratin, desmin, neurofilaments, vimentin, GFAP
Acessory proteins of microtubules
Tau, MAPs
hyperstable structures of microtubules
axonemes (cilia and flagella) and centrioles
hyperstable structures of microfilaments
sarcomere (muscles) and microvilli
hyperstable structures of intermediate filaments
desmosome and hemi-desmosome
motors of microtubules
dynein (retrograde) and kinesin (orthograde)
motors of mycrofilaments
myosin
motors of intermediate filaments
none
funtion of microtubules
cilia/flagella functions, mitotic spindel, organelle transport
functions of microfilaments
phagocytosis, cytokinesis, cell motility, force generation (muscle), mebrane stabilization (RBC)
functions of intermediate filaments
mechanical integrity (nucleus, cell-cell, cell matrix)
Drugs of microtubules
taxol, vinca alkaloids (colchicine, vinblastine)
medical significance of microtubules
karatageners (primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, Immotile Cilia syndrome)
cancer chemotherapy dementias (Tau-opathies)
medical significance of microfilaments
listeria infection
smallpox/vaccinia
medical significance of intermediate filaments
laminopathies
blistering diseases
cancer diagnosis
Can you tell the size of fluorescence cells?
NO!
synapse to the cell bosy
retrogade
cell body to the synapse
orthograde
centrosomes are
microtubules based structures
replicate during the cell cycle and become the mitotic spindle apparatus
centrosomes
true or false: microtubules can have different roles based on their structures
true
triplet microtublues are _______ than double structure
stronger
Cili microtubules order
cartwheel structure at the botto, a triplet mt to be a strong base, hollow mt space for cilia function, common mt formation for the rest.
dynein fruntion
motor for mitotic spindle and retrogade transport
Kartagener’s
Primary Ciliary dyskinesia
Immotile Cilia syndrome
Kartagener’s/ microtubules dysfunction
oocyte on drugs
taxol
binds to microtubules and “freezes them”. They can not assemble and disassemble
Taxol
prevent mt from assembling
colchine, vinblastine
tau proteins attach to ______ and caps the end to stop them from growing
MT
important to regulate the mt length
Tau
stress fibers
actin
localized only in cells at the migrating front
Beta actin
actin seen in all cells
alpha actin
Actin pairs with _______ to generate force in muscle cells
Myosin
hyperstable actin structure
sarcomere
cytokinesis is an ____ based process
actin based process
Platelet Aggregation is
Actin-dependent
Phagocytosis is an
actin-mediated process
rapid actin assembly in phagocytosis causes
invagination
microvilli
specialized actin structure
smaller than cilia
microvilli
microvilli functions
increases absorption, contains a terminal web for stability
bacteria that uses the dark side of polymerization
listeria
great model system for studying membrane-cytoskeleton interactions
erythocytosis
hereditary spherocytosis
membrane-cytoskeleton interaction
spleenomegaly
hereditary spherocytosis
stereocilia
actin based
not cell type specific, always present in cells
lamins
muscle cells (smooth, striated, cardiac)
desmin
neurons
neurofilamin
epithelial cells
keratin
glial cells (astrocytes)
glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
many mesenchymal cells, including endothelial cells and fibroblasts
vimentin
desmosomes are a type
of junction between cells
anchors skin cells to the basal lamina
hemidesmosome
epidermolysis bullosa
blistering disease
