Cytokines/Chemokines Flashcards
IL-1B, a
proinflammatory, fever
IL-2
T cell growth factor
IL-4
B cell growth factor, promotes Th2 cells, IgE isotype, induces alternatively activated macrophages
kills helminths
IL-5
eosinophil growth factor
IL-6
proinflammatory
IL-10
inhibits T cell and macrophage function
anti-inflammatory
IL-12
stimulates NK cells and T cells to make IFNg
IL-13
induces alternatively activated macrophages
IL-15
T cell growth factor
IL-17
proinflammatory, increases neutrophil recruitment
IFN-y
activates macrophages, upregulates Class II, promotes IgGa isotype Abs
TNF
proinflammatory
TGF-B
increases IgA, inhibits immune responses, promotes wound healing, promotes Treg cells
IFN a,B
anti-viral cytokine
IL-21
important for Tfh help for B cells
IL-31
proinflammatory
Which trio of proinflammatory cytokines are made by macrophages (and other innate cells)?
TNF, IL-6, IL-1B,a
Which cytokine is produced by dendritic cells (typically in response to an intracellular infection) and provides a signal that encourages naive T cells to become Th1 cells?
IL-12
Which cytokine is produced by Th2 cells and associated with the response against worms?
IL-4
Which cytokine is produced by Th1 cells and helps activate macrophages, enhancing their phagocytic abilities?
IFN-y
What category of signaling molecules recruits cells to a site of infection (chemokine or cytokine)? Which of the group of cytokines listed above is actually a chemokine?
chemokines, IL-8
Which cytokine is “tolerogenic” (i.e. quiets the response rather than activate it)?
TGF-B
Which cytokines trigger anti-viral responses in neighboring cells?
INF a,B
You come across this paper in your search for new ways to diagnose and treat acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) in your canine patients. Given what you have learned so far, which of the following cytokines might be present at higher concentrations in the serum? (i.e. What might an immunologist predict?)
a.) TNF-a
b.) IL-6
c.) IL-10
d.) TGF-B
e.) IL-1-B
TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1-B
Which type of immune response would a goat with a nematode infection initiate?
a.) type 1 response
b.) type 2 response
c.) type 3 response
type 2 reponse
Which of the following cytokines are classically associated with nematode infections?
a.) IL-10
b.) IL-4
c.) Il-12
d.) TGF-B
IL-4
Two drugs that have been useful in the treatment of canine pruritis (itchiness) have the brand names Apoquel and Cytopoint. What cytokine signaling pathway do these two drugs target?
a.) IL-17
b.) IL-2
c.) IL-31
d.) Il-4
e.) IL-33
IL-31
Which cytokine is really a chemokine?
a.) IL-2
b.) IL-8
c.) IL-6
d.) IL-4
IL-8
“IFN is most frequently used for the treatment of virus infections in dogs and cats.” True or false: The authors are referring to Type II, not Type I interferons in this sentence (and context).
true or false
false
